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- Alanosine
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Alanosine | CAS No: 5854-93-3 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that is an investigational amino acid analogue used for research in treating brain cancer and other tumors with antineoplastic and antibiotic properties.
Therapeutic categories
Primary indications
- Investigated for use/treatment in brain cancer and cancer/tumors (unspecified)
Product Snapshot
- Alanosine is an injectable small molecule formulation
- It is primarily investigated for oncological applications including brain cancer and other tumors
- The compound is currently in investigational status with no approved regulatory market authorizations
Clinical Overview
The pharmacological activity of alanosine is linked to its mechanism of action as an inhibitor of adenylosuccinate synthetase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of inosine monophosphate (IMP) to adenylosuccinate, a critical step in purine biosynthesis. By disrupting this pathway, alanosine interferes with de novo purine synthesis, an effect that is particularly enhanced in cells deficient in methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP). This selective vulnerability provides a rationale for targeting certain tumors exhibiting MTAP deficiency.
Key pharmacokinetic parameters and detailed pharmacodynamics for alanosine are not comprehensively documented in the literature. Similarly, safety and toxicity profiles have yet to be fully established due to its investigational status. Known adverse effects from clinical trials have included myelosuppression and hepatic enzyme elevations, warranting careful monitoring in research settings.
Alanosine has been categorized chemically as an amino acid and peptide derivative with antibiotic and antineoplastic properties. It also exhibits chelating activity and is utilized in specialized research contexts related to purine metabolism inhibition.
From an API sourcing perspective, procurement of alanosine demands strict adherence to quality standards reflective of its complex structure and investigational application. Suppliers should provide full characterization, including purity, stereochemical confirmation, and impurity profiling consistent with guidelines for pharmaceutical amino acid analogues. Regulatory compliance with applicable pharmacopeial or ICH standards is advisable due to the compound’s potential clinical use in oncology research.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Alanosine |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 5854-93-3 |
| UNII | 2CNI71214Y |
| DrugBank ID | DB05540 |
Pharmacology
| Summary | L-alanosine inhibits adenylosuccinate synthetase isozymes 1 and 2, key enzymes in de novo purine biosynthesis, by blocking the conversion of inosine monophosphate to adenylosuccinate. This disruption of purine metabolism is enhanced in cells deficient in methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP). The compound is under investigation for therapeutic applications in brain cancers and other tumors. |
|---|---|
| Mechanism of action | L-alanosine inhibits adenylosuccinate synthetase, which converts inosine monophospate (IMP) into adenylosuccinate, an intermediate in purine metabolism. L-alanosine-induced disruption of de novo purine biosynthesis is potentiated by methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) deficiency. |
Targets
| Target | Organism | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| Aspartate carbamoyltransferase catalytic chain | Escherichia coli (strain K12) | |
| Adenylosuccinate synthetase isozyme 2 | Humans | |
| Adenylosuccinate synthetase isozyme 1 | Humans |
Formulation & handling
- Alanosine is a small molecule with high hydrophilicity indicated by its low LogP, suggesting good aqueous solubility suitable for oral or parenteral formulations.
- As an L-alpha-amino acid derivative, alanosine may require protection from oxidative degradation during manufacturing and storage.
- Handling should consider its investigational status, ensuring tight quality control and stability monitoring in formulated products.
Regulatory status
Alanosine is a type of Antibacterials
Antibacterials, a category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), play a crucial role in combating bacterial infections. These APIs are chemical compounds that target and inhibit the growth or kill bacteria, helping to eliminate harmful bacterial pathogens from the body.
Antibacterials are essential for the treatment of various bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and more. They are commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals to combat both mild and severe bacterial infections.
Within the category of antibacterials, there are different classes and subclasses of APIs, each with distinct mechanisms of action and target bacteria. Some commonly used antibacterials include penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones. These APIs work by interfering with various aspects of bacterial cellular processes, such as cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, DNA replication, or enzyme activity.
The development and production of antibacterial APIs require stringent quality control measures to ensure their safety, efficacy, and purity. Pharmaceutical manufacturers must adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and follow rigorous testing protocols to guarantee the quality and consistency of these APIs.
As bacterial resistance to antibiotics continues to be a significant concern, ongoing research and development efforts aim to discover and develop new antibacterial APIs. The evolution of antibacterials plays a crucial role in combating emerging bacterial strains and ensuring effective treatment options for infectious diseases.
In summary, antibacterials are a vital category of pharmaceutical APIs used to treat bacterial infections. They are designed to inhibit or kill bacteria, and their development requires strict adherence to quality control standards. By continually advancing research in this field, scientists and pharmaceutical companies can contribute to the ongoing battle against bacterial infections.
