- Raw materials
- Barbiturates
- Allobarbital
Allobarbital API Manufacturers & Suppliers
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Allobarbital | CAS No: 52-43-7 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that acts as a central nervous system depressant with sedative and hypnotic effects, primarily investigated for experimental use in managing anxiety and sleep disorders.
Therapeutic categories
Product Snapshot
- Allobarbital is supplied in suppository form
- It is primarily utilized in the management of central nervous system conditions
- The compound remains in experimental status with no current FDA or EMA approval
Clinical Overview
Although specific clinical indications for allobarbital are not well documented in current literature, barbiturates are generally employed for their sedative, hypnotic, and anxiolytic properties. Allobarbital is considered an experimental compound, and thus lacks formal approval for therapeutic use in major regulatory jurisdictions.
Pharmacologically, barbiturates exert their effects primarily by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. This occurs through positive modulation of the GABAA receptor complex, leading to increased chloride ion influx and neuronal hyperpolarization. While detailed pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic parameters specific to allobarbital are not established, agents within this class are typically well absorbed orally, undergo hepatic metabolism predominantly via cytochrome P450 enzymes, and demonstrate variable half-lives depending on substitution patterns.
Safety profiles of barbiturates involve risks of respiratory depression, tolerance development, physical dependence, and potential for overdose. Toxicity considerations include narrow therapeutic indices and interactions with other CNS depressants which may potentiate adverse effects. Due to these concerns, barbiturates, including allobarbital, are generally reserved for limited or experimental applications.
When sourcing allobarbital as an active pharmaceutical ingredient, attention should be paid to adherence to stringent quality standards including purity, polymorphism, and absence of contaminants. Given its experimental status, thorough documentation of synthesis pathways and certificate of analysis are essential to comply with regulatory frameworks and ensure safe development in research contexts.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Allobarbital |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 52-43-7 |
| UNII | 8NT43GG2HA |
| DrugBank ID | DB13577 |
Formulation & handling
- Allobarbital is a small molecule barbituric acid derivative primarily formulated for suppository use.
- Exhibits moderate water solubility and balanced lipophilicity (LogP 1), supporting transmembrane absorption in mucosal delivery.
- No known peptide or biologic characteristics; standard chemical stability handling protocols apply in formulation.
Regulatory status
Allobarbital is a type of Barbiturates
Barbiturates are a category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that have sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant properties. They belong to the class of drugs called depressants, which slow down the central nervous system (CNS) activity. Barbiturates have been widely used in the medical field for their ability to induce sleep, reduce anxiety, and control seizures.
The mechanism of action of barbiturates involves enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. GABA inhibits the transmission of signals between nerve cells, leading to relaxation and sedation. Barbiturates bind to specific GABA receptors, increasing the inhibitory effects of GABA and resulting in a calming effect on the CNS.
In the past, barbiturates were commonly prescribed for insomnia, anxiety disorders, and epilepsy. However, their use has decreased significantly due to the emergence of safer and more effective alternatives with fewer side effects. Nonetheless, barbiturates are still utilized in certain medical situations, such as anesthesia induction, emergency seizure control, and in some cases of refractory epilepsy.
Despite their therapeutic benefits, barbiturates carry potential risks and side effects. They can cause drowsiness, impaired coordination, and dependence when used for extended periods. Overdose of barbiturates can be life-threatening, leading to respiratory depression and coma.
In conclusion, barbiturates are a class of API widely known for their sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant properties. While their use has diminished over time, they remain important in specific medical contexts. Proper caution and medical supervision are crucial when using barbiturates to ensure safety and efficacy.
