- Raw materials
- Barbiturates
- Cyclobarbital
Cyclobarbital API Manufacturers & Suppliers
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Cyclobarbital | CAS No: 52-31-3 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that provides central nervous system depressant effects with potential sedative and hypnotic benefits for research in nervous system disorders.
Therapeutic categories
Product Snapshot
- Cyclobarbital is an oral small molecule pharmaceutical ingredient
- Its primary therapeutic use is as a central nervous system depressant
- The compound is currently in the experimental approval stage and has not received FDA or EMA authorization
Clinical Overview
Although specific approved clinical indications for cyclobarbital are not established, compounds in this class are generally explored for their sedative, hypnotic, and anxiolytic properties. Cyclobarbital falls under experimental status, indicating that it has not yet received widespread regulatory approval for therapeutic use.
The precise mechanism of action and pharmacodynamics of cyclobarbital have not been detailed in current literature. However, barbiturates typically exert their central nervous system effects by enhancing the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activity through modulation of GABA_A receptor complexes, leading to increased chloride ion influx and subsequent neuronal hyperpolarization.
No detailed pharmacokinetic data, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), are available for cyclobarbital. Barbiturates, in general, tend to have variable oral bioavailability, hepatic metabolism primarily via cytochrome P450 enzymes, and renal excretion of metabolites.
Safety and toxicity profiles specific to cyclobarbital have not been comprehensively characterized. Barbiturates as a class are known for dose-dependent central nervous system depression, potential for respiratory depression, tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal risks. Careful consideration of these class effects is warranted in experimental and potential clinical contexts.
There are no well-known brand names or distinct therapeutic usage contexts established for cyclobarbital at this time.
When considering cyclobarbital for API procurement, stringent quality control measures are essential to ensure purity and consistency, given its experimental status. Suppliers should provide comprehensive certificates of analysis, and manufacturers must comply with applicable regulatory guidelines concerning synthesis, impurity profiling, and storage conditions to support research and development applications.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Cyclobarbital |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 52-31-3 |
| UNII | 0M8A98AD9H |
| DrugBank ID | DB13737 |
Formulation & handling
- Cyclobarbital is a small molecule barbituric acid derivative suitable for oral administration due to moderate water solubility.
- Its physicochemical properties suggest limited lipophilicity, requiring consideration of formulation excipients for bioavailability enhancement.
- There are no specific peptide or biologic stability concerns; standard storage conditions protecting from moisture and light are recommended.
Regulatory status
Cyclobarbital is a type of Barbiturates
Barbiturates are a category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that have sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant properties. They belong to the class of drugs called depressants, which slow down the central nervous system (CNS) activity. Barbiturates have been widely used in the medical field for their ability to induce sleep, reduce anxiety, and control seizures.
The mechanism of action of barbiturates involves enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. GABA inhibits the transmission of signals between nerve cells, leading to relaxation and sedation. Barbiturates bind to specific GABA receptors, increasing the inhibitory effects of GABA and resulting in a calming effect on the CNS.
In the past, barbiturates were commonly prescribed for insomnia, anxiety disorders, and epilepsy. However, their use has decreased significantly due to the emergence of safer and more effective alternatives with fewer side effects. Nonetheless, barbiturates are still utilized in certain medical situations, such as anesthesia induction, emergency seizure control, and in some cases of refractory epilepsy.
Despite their therapeutic benefits, barbiturates carry potential risks and side effects. They can cause drowsiness, impaired coordination, and dependence when used for extended periods. Overdose of barbiturates can be life-threatening, leading to respiratory depression and coma.
In conclusion, barbiturates are a class of API widely known for their sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant properties. While their use has diminished over time, they remain important in specific medical contexts. Proper caution and medical supervision are crucial when using barbiturates to ensure safety and efficacy.
