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- Pancuronium
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Pancuronium | CAS No: 16974-53-1 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that provides reliable muscle relaxation during anesthesia and surgical procedures with minimal cardiovascular effects, suitable for neuromuscular blockade applications.
Therapeutic categories
Primary indications
- Used as a muscle relaxant during anesthesia and surgical procedures
Product Snapshot
- Pancuronium is formulated as an injectable small molecule in solution form for intravenous and parenteral administration
- It is primarily utilized as a muscle relaxant during anesthesia and surgical procedures
- The API is approved for use in key regulatory markets including the US and Canada
Clinical Overview
Pharmacodynamically, pancuronium exhibits greater potency than curare with a reduced impact on the cardiovascular system and minimal histamine release. It possesses slight vagolytic effects, diminishing vagus nerve activity, but lacks ganglioplegic or hormonal activity. The neuromuscular blockade produced is reversible by anticholinesterase agents, which increase acetylcholine availability at the motor endplate.
Metabolism and excretion data indicate that pancuronium, as a steroid derivative, undergoes hepatic processing with renal elimination playing a significant role. Key absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters are consistent with other nondepolarizing steroidal neuromuscular blockers, though specific pharmacokinetic details vary based on clinical context and patient characteristics.
Safety considerations include potential cardiovascular effects such as tachycardia attributable to vagolytic action. Histamine release is minimal, reducing the risk of associated hypersensitivity reactions seen with some neuromuscular blockers. Cautious use is advised in patients with compromised cardiac or renal function due to altered pharmacokinetics.
Pancuronium is marketed globally under various brand names and is integrated into anesthetic protocols requiring neuromuscular blockade.
For API sourcing, stringent quality control is essential to ensure consistent potency and purity given the compound’s critical clinical application. Compliance with pharmacopeial standards and regulatory requirements, including control of stereochemistry and residual solvents, is vital. Suppliers should provide comprehensive batch analysis and support stability data to meet global regulatory expectations.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Pancuronium |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 16974-53-1 |
| UNII | J76UF062FS |
| DrugBank ID | DB01337 |
Pharmacology
| Summary | Pancuronium is a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that inhibits neuromuscular transmission by competitively antagonizing acetylcholine at post-synaptic nicotinic receptors on the motor end plate. This action reduces muscle contraction without causing depolarization or fasciculations. It also exhibits mild vagolytic effects without ganglionic blockade, primarily targeting neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors M2 and M3. |
|---|---|
| Mechanism of action | Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents inhibit neuromuscular transmission by competing with acetylcholine for the cholinergic receptors of the motor end plate, thereby reducing the response of the end plate to acetylcholine. This type of neuromuscular block is usually antagonized by anticholinesterase agents. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Pancuronium is a non-depolarising muscle relaxant similar to curare. It acts as a competitive acetylcholine antagonist on neuromuscular junctions, displacing acetylcholine (hence competitive) from its post-synaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It is, unlike suxamethonium, a non-depolarising agent, which means, that it causes no spontaneous depolarisations upon association with the nicotinic receptor in neuromuscular junction, thus producing no muscle fasciculations upon administration. Pancuronium has no hormonal activity. It exerts slight vagolytic activity (i.e. diminishing activity of the vagus nerve) and no ganglioplegic (i.e., blocking ganglions) activity. |
Targets
| Target | Organism | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 | Humans | antagonist |
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 | Humans | antagonist |
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 | Humans | antagonist |
ADME / PK
| Half-life | 1.5 to 2.7 hours. |
|---|---|
| Protein binding | 77 to 91% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic. |
| Volume of distribution | * 241 to 280 mL/kg |
| Clearance | * Plasma cl=1.1–1.9 mL/minute/kg |
Formulation & handling
- Pancuronium is a small molecule steroid ester formulated primarily for intravenous and parenteral administration.
- Due to its very low water solubility and negative LogP, formulation in aqueous injection solutions may require solubilizing agents or specialized techniques.
- Handle as a solid to prepare stable injectable solutions, ensuring conditions that minimize degradation for parenteral use.
Regulatory status
| Lifecycle | The API's primary patent protection expired recently in the US and Canada, leading to increased availability of generic formulations. As a result, the market is transitioning towards broader access and competitive pricing. |
|---|
| Markets | US, Canada |
|---|
Supply Chain
| Supply chain summary | Pancuronium is supplied by multiple originator companies, including Baxter International Inc., Elkins-Sinn Inc., Hospira Inc., and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., indicating a diversified manufacturing landscape. The branded products are primarily present in the US and Canadian markets. The availability of several packaged formulations suggests existing generic competition, likely following patent expiry. |
|---|
Pancuronium is a type of Neuromuscular blocking agents
Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) belong to a vital category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) used in the field of medicine. These agents play a crucial role in the neuromuscular blockade, a pharmacological state that inhibits the transmission of nerve impulses at the neuromuscular junction. By doing so, NMBAs induce temporary paralysis in skeletal muscles, making them indispensable in various medical procedures and surgical interventions.
NMBAs work by targeting the neuromuscular junction, where motor neurons communicate with skeletal muscle fibers. They achieve this by interfering with the transmission of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter responsible for signaling muscle contraction. By blocking the action of acetylcholine, NMBAs prevent muscle movement and promote muscle relaxation, allowing surgeons to perform intricate procedures more effectively.
These pharmaceutical APIs are extensively used during surgeries requiring muscle relaxation, such as abdominal surgeries, orthopedic procedures, and endotracheal intubation. Furthermore, NMBAs find application in critical care settings, assisting in mechanical ventilation and facilitating optimal patient-ventilator synchronization.
It is worth mentioning that the usage of NMBAs necessitates close monitoring and expertise, as their administration requires precise dosing and careful titration to maintain the desired level of muscle relaxation while avoiding excessive paralysis. Anesthesia professionals and intensivists meticulously administer these agents, taking into consideration factors such as patient age, weight, and individual response.
In conclusion, Neuromuscular blocking agents are an essential API category within the pharmaceutical industry, vital for achieving muscle relaxation during surgical procedures and critical care management. Their precise and skillful utilization significantly contributes to the success of medical interventions and patient outcomes.
Pancuronium API manufacturers & distributors
Compare qualified Pancuronium API suppliers worldwide. We currently have 2 companies offering Pancuronium API, with manufacturing taking place in 2 different countries. Use the table below to review supplier type, countries of origin, certifications, product portfolio and GMP audit availability.
| Supplier | Type | Country | Product origin | Certifications | Portfolio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Curia | Producer | United States | Italy | CEP, CoA, GMP, MSDS, USDMF | 106 products |
| Euticals | Producer | Italy | Unknown | CEP, CoA, FDA, GMP, USDMF | 48 products |
When sending a request, specify which Pancuronium API quality you need: for example EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or another pharmacopoeial standard, as well as the required grade (base, salt, micronised, specific purity, etc.).
Use the list above to find high-quality Pancuronium API suppliers. For example, you can select GMP, FDA or ISO certified suppliers. Visit our help page to learn more about sourcing APIs via Pharmaoffer.
