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Monopotassium phosphate | CAS No: 7778-77-0 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that serves as a pharmaceutical buffer, urinary acidifier, and nutritional phosphate and potassium supplement supporting acid-base balance and metabolic functions.
Therapeutic categories
Primary indications
- Used in buffers (determination of pH, pharmaceutical production, urinary acidifier, paper processing, baking powder, and food), nutrient solutions, yeast foods, special liquid fertilizers, sonar systems and other electronic applications
- Used as a nutritional supplement in foods, a nonlinear optical material for laser use, and in wastewater treatment
Product Snapshot
- Monopotassium phosphate is available in multiple formulation types including oral tablets, injectable solutions, liquids, powders, and irrigants suitable for buccal, intravenous, oral, parenteral, and topical administration routes
- It is primarily used as a buffering agent in pharmaceutical production, a nutritional supplement, and in various industrial applications such as wastewater treatment and nutrient solutions
- The compound holds approval statuses including approved, investigational, and veterinary approved in key regulatory markets such as the United States and Canada
Clinical Overview
Clinically, monopotassium phosphate is utilized in pharmaceutical buffers to control pH, in nutritional supplementation, and as a urinary acidifier. Beyond medical uses, MKP finds application in manufacturing processes such as fertilizer blends, where it reduces ammonia volatilization by maintaining low pH, as well as in food products like baking powders and yeast nutrient solutions. Its role extends to industrial and research uses, including wastewater treatment and nonlinear optical materials for laser technologies.
Pharmacologically, potassium, the major intracellular cation, is vital for maintaining acid-base homeostasis, cellular isotonicity, and electrophysiological functions. It facilitates enzymatic processes critical to nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, gastric secretions, renal activity, tissue synthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism. Phosphate, a predominant intracellular anion, contributes significantly to metabolic energy transactions and enzymatic reactions in numerous tissues. It also modulates calcium levels, buffers acid-base equilibrium, and supports renal hydrogen ion excretion.
Mechanistically, MKP supplies phosphorus, a key element in bone mineralization and enzymatic phosphate-transfer reactions essential for carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. By influencing calcium homeostasis and acting as an intracellular buffer, phosphate aids in maintaining biochemical stability. Oral administration of inorganic phosphates like MKP can elevate serum phosphate levels and reduce urinary calcium in conditions such as idiopathic hypercalciuria.
Regarding safety, the use of MKP requires consideration of potential alterations in electrolyte balance, particularly potassium levels, to avoid complications such as hyperkalemia. Its inorganic nature should be acknowledged in formulation design and toxicological profiles. The compound is approved for various human and veterinary uses under regulatory oversight.
From a sourcing and quality perspective, procurement of monopotassium phosphate APIs demands compliance with pharmacopeial standards ensuring defined purity, contaminant limits, and appropriate crystalline form. Reliable supply chains should provide consistent physicochemical properties to maintain formulation performance and regulatory compliance in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Monopotassium phosphate |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 7778-77-0 |
| UNII | 4J9FJ0HL51 |
| DrugBank ID | DB09413 |
Pharmacology
| Summary | Phosphates serve as essential intracellular anions involved in energy metabolism, enzymatic reactions, and regulation of acid-base balance, with a key role in modulating calcium homeostasis and renal hydrogen ion excretion. Potassium functions as the primary intracellular cation, critical for maintaining cellular electrodynamics, acid-base equilibrium, and activating multiple physiological processes including nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction. Together, these ions contribute to biochemical stability and metabolic function across various tissues. |
|---|---|
| Mechanism of action | hosphorus has a number of important functions in the biochemistry of the body. The bulk of the body's phosphorus is located in the bones, where it plays a key role in osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities. Enzymatically catalyzed phosphate-transfer reactions are numerous and vital in the metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid and protein, and a proper concentration of the anion is of primary importance in assuring an orderly biochemical sequence. ln addition, phosphorus plays an important role in modifying steady-state tissue concentrations of calcium. Phosphate ions are important buffers of the intracellular fluid, and also play a primary role in the renal excretion of the hydrogen ion. Oral administration of inorganic phosphates increases serum phosphate levels. Phosphates lower urinary calcium levels in idiopathic hypercalciuria. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Potassium is the major cation of intracellular fluid and is essential for maintenance of acid-base balance, isotonicity, and electrodynamic characteristics of the cell. Potassium is an important activator in many enzymatic reactions and is essential to a number of physiologic processes including transmission of nerve impulses; contraction of cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscles; gastric secretion; renal function; tissue synthesis; and carbohydrate metabolism. Phosphate is a major intracellular anion that participates in providing energy for metabolism of substrates and contributes to important metabolic and enzymatic reactions in almost all organs and tissues. Phosphate exerts a modifying influence on calcium concentrations, a buffering effect on acid-base equilibrium, and has a major role in the renal excretion of hydrogen ions. |
ADME / PK
| Absorption | Potassium salts are well absorbed from the GI tract. Ingested phosphates are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. However, the presence of large amounts of calcium or aluminum may lead to formation of insoluble phosphate and reduce the net absorption. Vitamin D stimulates phosphate absorption. |
|---|---|
| Half-life | In healthy children with phosphate overdose, half-life was 4.8 to 10.6 hours, and was prolonged to 17 hours in a child with renal insufficiency. |
| Protein binding | In healthy adults, plasma potassium concentrations generally range from 3.5-5 mEq/L. Plasma concentrations up to 7.7 mEq/L may be normal in neonates. |
| Route of elimination | Renal (90%) and fecal (10%) Phosphates Potassium is excreted mainly by the kidneys. Small amounts of potassium may be excreted via the skin and intestinal tract, but most of the potassium excreted into the intestine is later reabsorbed. |
| Volume of distribution | Potassium first enters the extracellular fluid and is then actively transported into the cells where its concentration is up to 40 times that outside the cell. Dextrose, insulin, and oxygen facilitate movement of potassium into cells. |
| Clearance | Phosphates are rapidly cleared by dialysis. Dialysis can also be used to treat other electrolyte abnormalities such as hypernatremia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia. |
Formulation & handling
- Monopotassium phosphate is a small molecule suitable for multiple administration routes including oral, parenteral, buccal, topical, and irrigation formulations.
- Formulations require attention to administration timing relative to antacid intake, as magnesium, calcium, or aluminum-containing antacids reduce phosphate absorption.
- Oral forms are typically administered with food or dissolved in water to optimize stability and absorption; injectable forms necessitate sterile handling and compatibility verification.
Regulatory status
| Lifecycle | The API is protected by patents in the United States until April 19, 2039, with marketed products currently available in the US and Canada, indicating ongoing market exclusivity and early to mid-life cycle status in these regions. |
|---|
| Markets | Canada, US |
|---|
Supply Chain
| Supply chain summary | Monopotassium phosphate is supplied in the Canadian and US markets with several branded products available, indicating an established presence in North America. The originator companies maintain patent protection in the United States until 2039, suggesting limited current generic competition and potential for continued brand exclusivity in this region. |
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Safety
| Toxicity | Rabbit : LD50 >4640mg/kg (skin) Rat : LdLo : 4640mg/kg (Oral) |
|---|
- Moderate acute toxicity observed via oral and dermal exposure
- Handle with appropriate protective equipment to minimize skin contact
- Avoid inhalation of dust or aerosols to reduce risk of respiratory irritation
Monopotassium phosphate is a type of Phosphate
Phosphate is a crucial subcategory of pharmaceutical Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) that plays a significant role in various medicinal formulations. Phosphates are chemical compounds containing phosphorous, an essential element for many biological processes. In pharmaceuticals, phosphates are widely utilized due to their diverse functions and beneficial properties.
Phosphates are commonly used as buffering agents in pharmaceutical formulations, helping to maintain the pH stability of medications. They play a crucial role in regulating acidity, enhancing the stability of drug molecules, and ensuring optimal drug delivery. Additionally, phosphates are essential for the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a molecule responsible for energy transfer within cells. This makes phosphates vital for cell metabolism and overall physiological functions.
Furthermore, phosphates serve as excipients, aiding in the production of tablets and capsules by providing binding and disintegration properties. They contribute to the structural integrity and controlled release of active ingredients, ensuring accurate dosage administration and improved patient compliance.
Phosphates are also utilized in pharmaceutical research and development, acting as catalysts in chemical reactions and participating in the synthesis of novel drug compounds. They enable the creation of innovative pharmaceutical formulations with enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
In conclusion, the subcategory of pharmaceutical APIs known as phosphates plays a crucial role in drug formulation, stability, cell metabolism, and manufacturing processes. Their versatile properties and diverse applications make them indispensable in the pharmaceutical industry, contributing to the development of safe, effective, and reliable medications.
Monopotassium phosphate (Phosphate), classified under Therapeutic Nutrients/Minerals/Electrolyte
Therapeutic Nutrients/Minerals/Electrolytes: A Comprehensive Technical DescriptionTherapeutic nutrients, minerals, and electrolytes are a vital category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) used to support and enhance overall health and well-being. These compounds play a crucial role in maintaining the body's physiological balance, aiding in various metabolic processes, and addressing specific deficiencies.
Therapeutic nutrients encompass a broad range of substances, including vitamins, minerals, and electrolytes. Vitamins are organic compounds required in small quantities for proper bodily functions and are essential for growth, development, and disease prevention. Minerals, on the other hand, are inorganic substances that support numerous physiological processes, such as bone formation, nerve function, and energy production.
Electrolytes are minerals that carry an electric charge when dissolved in bodily fluids, including sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride. They play a crucial role in maintaining proper hydration, nerve impulses, muscle contractions, and pH balance.
Pharmaceutical APIs in the Therapeutic Nutrients/Minerals/Electrolyte category are designed to address specific deficiencies or imbalances in the body. These APIs are often used in the formulation of dietary supplements, nutritional products, and therapeutic treatments. They are manufactured under stringent quality control guidelines to ensure purity, potency, and bioavailability.
Therapeutic nutrients/minerals/electrolytes APIs are available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, powders, and liquid formulations. They are formulated to meet specific dosage requirements and can be combined with other ingredients for targeted health benefits.
Overall, therapeutic nutrients, minerals, and electrolytes APIs are essential components in maintaining optimal health. Their use helps address deficiencies, support bodily functions, and promote overall well-being. Pharmaceutical companies and healthcare professionals rely on these high-quality APIs to develop effective and safe products that contribute to a healthier population.
Monopotassium phosphate API manufacturers & distributors
Compare qualified Monopotassium phosphate API suppliers worldwide. We currently have 1 companies offering Monopotassium phosphate API, with manufacturing taking place in 1 different countries. Use the table below to review supplier type, countries of origin, certifications, product portfolio and GMP audit availability.
| Supplier | Type | Country | Product origin | Certifications | Portfolio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caesar & Loretz GmbH (CAE... | Distributor | Germany | Unknown | BSE/TSE, CoA, GMP, ISO9001, MSDS | 211 products |
When sending a request, specify which Monopotassium phosphate API quality you need: for example EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or another pharmacopoeial standard, as well as the required grade (base, salt, micronised, specific purity, etc.).
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