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Benzyl benzoate | CAS No: 120-51-4 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that treats scabies and lice infestations by eliminating ectoparasites, supporting reliable formulation of antiparasitic products for diverse therapeutic and hygiene applications.
Therapeutic categories
Primary indications
- Used to kill lice and the mites responsible for the skin condition scabies
Product Snapshot
- Benzyl benzoate is supplied as topical and cutaneous formulations such as creams, lotions, emulsions, ointments, solutions, and suspensions, with some rectal suppository presentations
- It is used for control of lice infestations and mites associated with scabies
- It is an approved active in multiple regulatory markets
Clinical Overview
Pharmacologically, benzyl benzoate is a benzoic acid ester with acaricidal and insecticidal activity. Its pharmacodynamic effect is linked to rapid toxicity toward the parasite nervous system. In vitro studies show that it can kill the Sarcoptes mite within minutes, and it also demonstrates ovicidal activity, although the specific molecular targets have not been fully characterized. The compound’s activity is local, producing parasiticidal effects at the site of application.
Systemic absorption after topical administration is generally limited, but available data indicate that any absorbed fraction undergoes hepatic metabolism to benzoic acid derivatives, which are subsequently conjugated and eliminated renally. Clinically relevant pharmacokinetic parameters in humans are not well defined due to minimal systemic exposure, and benzyl benzoate is primarily managed as a topical agent with local action.
Safety considerations center on cutaneous irritation, stinging, and erythema, which are more pronounced in pediatric patients and individuals with compromised skin barriers. Accidental ingestion or extensive percutaneous absorption may lead to systemic toxicity, including central nervous system effects, though such events are uncommon. Use should be avoided on mucous membranes and broken skin, and product strength varies by region to balance efficacy and tolerability.
Benzyl benzoate is present in a variety of regional scabicide formulations but is not universally preferred. For API procurement, suppliers should ensure control of residual solvents, confirmation of ester purity, and verification of stability under standard storage conditions. Compliance with pharmacopeial specifications and documentation supporting impurity profiles is essential for formulation development and regulatory submission.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Benzyl benzoate |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 120-51-4 |
| UNII | N863NB338G |
| DrugBank ID | DB00676 |
Pharmacology
| Summary | Benzyl benzoate acts as a neurotoxic agent to scabies mites and lice, leading to rapid parasite death. It also exhibits ovicidal activity, though the mechanism for this effect is not fully defined. Its pharmacologic role centers on eliminating Sarcoptes scabiei and lice in topical treatment contexts. |
|---|---|
| Mechanism of action | Benzyl benzoate exerts toxic effects on the nervous system of the parasite, resulting in its death. It is also toxic to mite ova, though its exact mechanism of action is unknown. In vitro, benzyl benzoate has been found to kill the Sarcoptes mite within 5 minutes. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterised by severe itching (particularly at night), red spots, and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is lethal to this mite and so is useful in the treatment of scabies. It is also used to treat lice infestation of the head and body. Benzyl benzoate is not the treatment of choice for scabies due to its irritant properties. |
ADME / PK
| Absorption | No data are available on percutaneous absorption of benzyl benzoate. Some older studies have suggested some percutaneous absorption, however the amount was not quantified. |
|---|---|
| Metabolism | Rapidly hydrolyzed to benzoic acid and benzyl alcohol, which is further oxidized to benzoic acid. The benzoic acid is conjugated with glycine to form hippuric acid. |
Formulation & handling
- Used mainly in topical and cutaneous formulations; low aqueous solubility and oily liquid state favor emulsions, lotions, and ointment systems.
- High lipophilicity (LogP ~3.7) supports incorporation into oil phases, requiring suitable surfactants for stable emulsions or suspensions.
- Handled as a volatile, hydrophobic liquid that may require protection from excessive heat and oxidation to maintain formulation stability.
Regulatory status
Supply Chain
| Supply chain summary | Only one identified manufacturer, Lannett, appears to supply the active ingredient, with packaging handled by J T Baker, indicating a relatively simple commercial supply chain without a distinct originator‑versus‑generic landscape. Benzyl benzoate is an established compound used globally, and its products are available in multiple regions, including the US and other markets. Patent protection has long expired, so the market generally consists of non‑branded or generic formulations. |
|---|
Safety
| Toxicity | Oral, rabbit: LD<sub>50</sub> = 1680 mg/kg; Skin, rabbit: LD<sub>50</sub> = 4000 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include blister formation, crusting, itching, oozing, reddening, or scaling of skin; difficulty in urinating (dribbling); jerking movements; sudden loss of consciousness. |
|---|
- Oral and dermal LD50 values in rabbits (1680 mg/kg oral
- 4000 mg/kg skin) indicate moderate acute toxicity
- Handle as a potentially harmful organic compound with appropriate exposure controls
Good Manufacturing Practices
Active pharmaceutical ingredients are made in GMP-certified manufacturing facilities. GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practices and is the main standard in the pharmaceutical industry. cGMP or Current GMP means that the company complies with the most recent requirements/version of GMP. The WHO has its own guideline for GMP, the World Health Organization or WHO GMP. The authority that has audited the company can also be from a country like China (Chinese GMP) or from the EU (EU GMP), every authority has different GMP requirements.
Benzyl Benzoate is a type of Scabicides
Scabicides are a vital subcategory of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) used in the treatment of scabies, a highly contagious skin infestation caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. This category includes various chemical compounds specifically designed to eradicate scabies mites and alleviate the symptoms associated with the condition.
The primary function of scabicides is to eliminate the mites by targeting their nervous system, reproductive abilities, or exoskeleton. These APIs typically work by interfering with the mites' nerve impulses or metabolic processes, ultimately leading to their paralysis or death. Commonly employed scabicidal ingredients include permethrin, malathion, benzyl benzoate, and sulfur compounds.
Scabicides can be formulated into different dosage forms such as creams, lotions, or soaps for topical application. These formulations are designed to ensure optimal delivery of the active ingredient to the affected areas of the skin, maximizing efficacy while minimizing potential side effects.
When applied as directed, scabicides can effectively eliminate scabies infestations and provide relief from symptoms such as itching, rash, and skin irritation. It is essential to follow proper hygiene practices, including washing and disinfecting clothing, bedding, and personal items to prevent reinfestation.
In conclusion, scabicidal APIs play a crucial role in the treatment of scabies, offering an effective solution to combat the infestation and relieve associated symptoms. By targeting the mites' nervous system or metabolism, scabicides can effectively eliminate the parasite and provide much-needed relief for individuals affected by scabies.
Benzyl Benzoate (Scabicides), classified under Dermatological Agents
Dermatological agents are a vital category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) used in the formulation of various skincare and dermatology products. These APIs are specifically designed to target and treat skin conditions, offering effective solutions for a wide range of dermatological concerns.
Dermatological agents encompass a diverse array of compounds, including corticosteroids, antifungal agents, antibacterials, retinoids, and immunomodulators. Each API within this category possesses unique properties and mechanisms of action, enabling them to address specific skin-related issues.
Corticosteroids, for instance, are potent anti-inflammatory agents commonly used in the treatment of skin conditions like eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis. Antifungal agents, on the other hand, combat fungal infections such as athlete's foot or ringworm. Antibacterials are effective against bacterial infections, while retinoids promote skin cell turnover and treat acne and photoaging. Immunomodulators regulate the immune response, providing relief from conditions like atopic dermatitis.
The development and application of dermatological APIs involve rigorous research, clinical trials, and regulatory compliance. These APIs are typically integrated into topical creams, ointments, gels, and lotions, ensuring targeted delivery to the affected areas of the skin.
Dermatological agents play a crucial role in the management and treatment of various skin disorders. By harnessing the therapeutic properties of these APIs, pharmaceutical companies can develop innovative skincare products that cater to the diverse needs of individuals seeking effective dermatological solutions.
Benzyl Benzoate API manufacturers & distributors
Compare qualified Benzyl Benzoate API suppliers worldwide. We currently have 3 companies offering Benzyl Benzoate API, with manufacturing taking place in 2 different countries. Use the table below to review supplier type, countries of origin, certifications, product portfolio and GMP audit availability.
| Supplier | Type | Country | Product origin | Certifications | Portfolio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caesar & Loretz GmbH (CAE... | Distributor | Germany | Unknown | BSE/TSE, CoA, GMP, ISO9001, MSDS | 211 products |
| Hänseler AG | Distributor | Switzerland | Germany | CoA, GMP | 174 products |
| Symrise AG | Producer | Germany | Germany | CoA, GMP | 2 products |
When sending a request, specify which Benzyl Benzoate API quality you need: for example EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or another pharmacopoeial standard, as well as the required grade (base, salt, micronised, specific purity, etc.).
Use the list above to find high-quality Benzyl Benzoate API suppliers. For example, you can select GMP, FDA or ISO certified suppliers. Visit our help page to learn more about sourcing APIs via Pharmaoffer.
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