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Permethrin | CAS No: 52645-53-1 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that treats scabies infestations and supports reliable ectoparasite control for clinical applications in key North American markets.
Therapeutic categories
Primary indications
- For the treatment of infestation with <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> (scabies)
Product Snapshot
- Permethrin is an ectoparasiticidal small molecule supplied primarily as topical formulations such as creams, lotions, solutions, emulsions, shampoos, rinses, sprays, and ointments, with some oral presentations reported
- It is used for management of infestations caused by Sarcoptes scabiei
- It is approved in the US and Canada, with some presentations classified as investigational
Clinical Overview
Permethrin exerts pharmacologic effects through disruption of voltage‑gated sodium channels in parasite nerve membranes. By delaying repolarization, it induces sustained depolarization, leading to paralysis and death of mites and lice. Its activity spans lice, fleas, ticks, and other arthropods, though clinical use focuses on scabies and pediculosis.
Systemic absorption after topical application is low, with the majority of the applied dose remaining on the skin surface. Absorbed fractions undergo rapid metabolism via ester hydrolysis and oxidation, mediated partly by cytochrome P450 pathways including CYP2B6. Metabolites are primarily excreted in urine. Accumulation is not expected with standard therapeutic regimens.
Safety experience indicates generally low systemic toxicity when used as directed. Skin irritation, pruritus, and transient burning sensations may occur and can overlap with symptoms of the underlying infestation. Significant neurotoxicity has been associated mainly with high-dose or inappropriate exposure in nonclinical contexts rather than therapeutic use. Hypersensitivity reactions are uncommon. Permethrin is classified as an insecticide and should be handled with caution in manufacturing environments to minimize inhalational or occupational exposure.
Permethrin is marketed in 5 percent prescription scabies treatments and as over‑the‑counter lice management products such as Elimite and Nix, with formulations varying by regulatory region.
For API procurement, sourcing should ensure control of isomeric composition, residual solvent levels, and environmental contaminant profiles typical of pyrethroid manufacturing. Suppliers should provide robust impurity characterization and compliance with pharmacopeial or regionally accepted quality standards.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Permethrin |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 52645-53-1 |
| UNII | 509F88P9SZ |
| DrugBank ID | DB04930 |
Pharmacology
| Summary | Permethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid that disrupts voltage‑gated sodium channel function in arthropod nerve membranes, causing delayed repolarization and paralysis. Its primary pharmacodynamic effect is broad activity against mites, lice, and other arthropods responsible for scabies infestation. Off‑target interactions with receptors such as estrogen receptor α and NR1I2 have been observed but are not central to its therapeutic action. |
|---|---|
| Mechanism of action | Permethrin acts on the nerve cell membrane to disrupt the sodium channel current by which the polarization of the membrane is regulated. Delayed repolarization and paralysis of the pests are the consequences of this disturbance. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Permethrin, a pyrethroid, is active against a broad range of pests including lice, ticks, fleas, mites, and other arthropods. |
Targets
| Target | Organism | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha | Humans | inhibitor |
| Estrogen receptor alpha | Humans | |
| Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 | Humans |
ADME / PK
| Absorption | Poorly absorbed through the skin. |
|---|---|
| Metabolism | Rapidly metabolized by ester hydrolysis to inactive metabolites which are excreted primarily in the urine. |
| Route of elimination | Permethrin is rapidly metabolized by ester hydrolysis to inactive metabolites which are excreted primarily in the urine. |
Formulation & handling
- Highly lipophilic small molecule used almost exclusively in topical cutaneous and otic formulations due to extremely low aqueous solubility.
- Requires solubilization in organic solvents or emulsified systems for stable lotions, creams, and shampoos.
- Chemically stable pyrethroid ester; protect bulk API from excessive heat and light to limit degradation.
Regulatory status
| Lifecycle | In the US and Canada, the API is marketed and is likely in a mid‑ to late‑lifecycle phase if key patents have expired or are approaching expiry. As patent protection ends, these markets typically transition toward increased generic participation and greater market maturity. |
|---|
| Markets | US, Canada |
|---|
Supply Chain
| Supply chain summary | Permethrin’s manufacturing landscape involves multiple packagers and distributors, reflecting a mature market long past originator patent protection. Branded products such as Elimite are established in the US and Canada, but widespread availability through numerous repackagers and private‑label lines indicates fully established generic competition. The supply chain is characterized by broad participation rather than reliance on a single originator. |
|---|
Safety
| Toxicity | Oral, rat LD<sub>50</sub>: 430 - 4000 mg/kg; skin, rabbit LD<sub>50</sub>: 2000 mg/kg. |
|---|
- Classified as a moderately toxic compound based on oral and dermal LD50 ranges
- Minimize inhalation, dermal, and ingestion exposure during handling
- Use controlled environments and standard industrial protective measures to limit contact with powders or solutions
Good Manufacturing Practices
Active pharmaceutical ingredients are made in GMP-certified manufacturing facilities. GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practices and is the main standard in the pharmaceutical industry. cGMP or Current GMP means that the company complies with the most recent requirements/version of GMP. The WHO has its own guideline for GMP, the World Health Organization or WHO GMP. The authority that has audited the company can also be from a country like China (Chinese GMP) or from the EU (EU GMP), every authority has different GMP requirements.
Permethrin is a type of Scabicides
Scabicides are a vital subcategory of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) used in the treatment of scabies, a highly contagious skin infestation caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. This category includes various chemical compounds specifically designed to eradicate scabies mites and alleviate the symptoms associated with the condition.
The primary function of scabicides is to eliminate the mites by targeting their nervous system, reproductive abilities, or exoskeleton. These APIs typically work by interfering with the mites' nerve impulses or metabolic processes, ultimately leading to their paralysis or death. Commonly employed scabicidal ingredients include permethrin, malathion, benzyl benzoate, and sulfur compounds.
Scabicides can be formulated into different dosage forms such as creams, lotions, or soaps for topical application. These formulations are designed to ensure optimal delivery of the active ingredient to the affected areas of the skin, maximizing efficacy while minimizing potential side effects.
When applied as directed, scabicides can effectively eliminate scabies infestations and provide relief from symptoms such as itching, rash, and skin irritation. It is essential to follow proper hygiene practices, including washing and disinfecting clothing, bedding, and personal items to prevent reinfestation.
In conclusion, scabicidal APIs play a crucial role in the treatment of scabies, offering an effective solution to combat the infestation and relieve associated symptoms. By targeting the mites' nervous system or metabolism, scabicides can effectively eliminate the parasite and provide much-needed relief for individuals affected by scabies.
Permethrin (Scabicides), classified under Dermatological Agents
Dermatological agents are a vital category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) used in the formulation of various skincare and dermatology products. These APIs are specifically designed to target and treat skin conditions, offering effective solutions for a wide range of dermatological concerns.
Dermatological agents encompass a diverse array of compounds, including corticosteroids, antifungal agents, antibacterials, retinoids, and immunomodulators. Each API within this category possesses unique properties and mechanisms of action, enabling them to address specific skin-related issues.
Corticosteroids, for instance, are potent anti-inflammatory agents commonly used in the treatment of skin conditions like eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis. Antifungal agents, on the other hand, combat fungal infections such as athlete's foot or ringworm. Antibacterials are effective against bacterial infections, while retinoids promote skin cell turnover and treat acne and photoaging. Immunomodulators regulate the immune response, providing relief from conditions like atopic dermatitis.
The development and application of dermatological APIs involve rigorous research, clinical trials, and regulatory compliance. These APIs are typically integrated into topical creams, ointments, gels, and lotions, ensuring targeted delivery to the affected areas of the skin.
Dermatological agents play a crucial role in the management and treatment of various skin disorders. By harnessing the therapeutic properties of these APIs, pharmaceutical companies can develop innovative skincare products that cater to the diverse needs of individuals seeking effective dermatological solutions.
Permethrin API manufacturers & distributors
Compare qualified Permethrin API suppliers worldwide. We currently have 9 companies offering Permethrin API, with manufacturing taking place in 2 different countries. Use the table below to review supplier type, countries of origin, certifications, product portfolio and GMP audit availability.
| Supplier | Type | Country | Product origin | Certifications | Portfolio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atilus Pharma | Producer | India | India | BSE/TSE, CEP, CoA, FDA, GMP, HALAL, Kosher, MSDS | 11 products |
| Azico Biophore | Producer | India | India | CoA, WC | 3 products |
| Biophore India | Producer | India | India | CoA, USDMF | 46 products |
| Dr. Reddy's | Producer | India | India | BSE/TSE, CEP, CoA, EDMF/ASMF, FDA, GMP, MSDS, USDMF, WC | 170 products |
| Global Pharma Tek | Distributor | India | India | BSE/TSE, CoA, FDA, GMP, ISO9001, MSDS | 484 products |
| Senova Technology Co., Lt... | Producer | China | China | CoA, ISO9001, MSDS | 157 products |
| Sinoway industrial Co.,Lt... | Distributor | China | China | CoA, ISO9001, MSDS | 764 products |
| Srikem Labs. | Producer | India | India | CoA, WC | 5 products |
| Tenatra Exports Private L... | Distributor | India | India | BSE/TSE, CoA, FDA, GMP, MSDS | 263 products |
When sending a request, specify which Permethrin API quality you need: for example EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or another pharmacopoeial standard, as well as the required grade (base, salt, micronised, specific purity, etc.).
Use the list above to find high-quality Permethrin API suppliers. For example, you can select GMP, FDA or ISO certified suppliers. Visit our help page to learn more about sourcing APIs via Pharmaoffer.
Frequently asked questions about Permethrin API
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Technical
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Regulatory
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