Somatropin recombinant API from Chinese Manufacturers & Suppliers
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Somatotropin | CAS No: 12629-01-5 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that supports growth in children with hormone-related short stature, treats adult growth hormone deficiency, and helps manage HIV-related wasting and short bowel syndrome.
Therapeutic categories
Primary indications
- Somatotropin is indicated for the treatment of pediatric patients who have growth failure due to an inadequate secretion of endogenous growth hormone, short stature associated with Turner syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), idiopathic short stature (ISS), short stature or growth failure in short stature homeobox-containing gene (SHOX) deficiency, and short stature born small for gestational age (SGA)
- It is indicated for the treatment of growth failure in children associated with chronic kidney disease up to the time of renal transplantation
- It is also indicated for adults with adult-onset growth hormone deficiency, either alone or associated with multiple hormone deficiencies (hypopituitarism), as a result of pituitary disease, hypothalamic disease, surgery, radiation therapy, or trauma
Product Snapshot
- Injectable recombinant peptide supplied mainly as lyophilized powder or solution for intramuscular or subcutaneous administration
- Used for growth hormone deficiency–related growth failure, selected genetic or syndromic short‑stature conditions, HIV‑related wasting, and short bowel syndrome
- Approved in the US, EU, and Canada, with some formulations or indications remaining investigational
Clinical Overview
Somatotropin exerts anabolic, lipolytic, and metabolic effects across multiple tissues. It stimulates linear bone growth, increases muscle cell number and size, and promotes organ growth and red cell mass expansion. It enhances protein synthesis through nitrogen retention and increases synthesis of chondroitin sulfate and collagen. Many of these actions are mediated by insulin-like growth factor 1 produced in response to growth hormone receptor activation.
The mechanism of action involves binding to the dimeric growth hormone receptor on target cells, initiating JAK2 activation and downstream STAT signaling. This activity increases IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and ALS synthesis in the liver and supports chondrocyte differentiation and osteoblast expansion at the growth plate.
Absorption after subcutaneous administration is gradual, with bioavailability varying by product. Somatotropin is metabolized primarily in the liver and kidneys through peptide degradation pathways. Reported safety considerations include insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and rare cases of new-onset type 2 diabetes. Lipolysis, elevations in free fatty acids, and changes in lipid profiles are expected pharmacologic effects.
Somatotropin is marketed globally under multiple injectable formulations. For API procurement, suppliers should demonstrate control of recombinant expression systems, purity of the 22 kDa monomer, and consistency in potency and impurity profiles aligned with major pharmacopeial standards.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Somatotropin |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Biotech |
| CAS | 12629-01-5 |
| UNII | NQX9KB6PCL |
| DrugBank ID | DB00052 |
Pharmacology
| Summary | Somatotropin is a recombinant form of human growth hormone that activates the growth hormone receptor to restore or augment endogenous GH signaling. Its effects are mediated directly through JAK‑STAT–dependent transcription and indirectly through induction of IGF‑1, which drives anabolic growth processes in bone, muscle, and other tissues. The drug also modulates metabolic pathways, including protein synthesis, lipolysis, and glucose regulation. |
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| Mechanism of action | In conditions of growth failure, growth hormone deficiency, low body mass, and malnutrition, somatotropin treatment acts to mimic and restore the actions of endogenous growth hormone of stimulating linear bone growth, increasing bone mass, increasing muscle and reduced fat mass, and regulating blood glucose and lipid levels.Somatotropin mediates its effects both directly by somatotropin and indirectly by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which is upregulated by growth hormone. It binds to the human growth hormone receptor (GHR), which is a dimeric receptor expressed in target cells in the liver and cartilage.Upon binding of growth hormone, GHR dimerizes and interacts with Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), subsequently leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and the GH receptor. The signal transducer activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is initiated, where transcription factors such as STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5 are translocated into the nucleus to stimulate target gene transcription. At the epiphysis or growth plate, growth hormone increases linear growth by promoting differentiation of prechondrocytes and expansion of osteoblasts. Growth hormone binding to its receptor in the liver and cartilage promotes the production of IGF-1, which acts on type 1 IGF receptors to also stimulate linear growth. In the liver, activated growth hormone receptor signalling leads to increased production of IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and acid-labile subunit (ALS), which are proteins that bind to IGF-1 in a ternary complex to increase its half-life. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Somatotropin induces growth in nearly every tissue and organ in the body.It stimulates linear growth and cartilaginous growth of long bones. In children with short stature, growth hormone increases both the number and size of muscle cells. It also promotes the growth of internal organs, and it also increases red cell mass. By promoting nitrogen retention, growth hormone increases cellular protein synthesis. Growth hormone also retains potassium and phosphorus in the serum, which may be the result of cell growth. Growth hormone stimulates the synthesis of chondroitin sulfate and collagen and increases the urinary excretion of hydroxyproline. It has negligible effects on serum calcium levels. Although increased calcium excretion in the urine is observed, calcium absorption from the intestine is simultaneously enhanced.In end-stage renal disease, growth hormone was shown to improve several nutritional parameters, such as increases in serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), serum albumin, and transferrin, as well as a reduction in blood urea nitrogen. The metabolic effects of growth hormone are caused by the upregulation of insulin-like growth factor-1. Generally, growth hormone leads cells to enter an anabolic protein state with increased amino acid uptake, protein synthesis, and decreased catabolism of proteins.The diabetogenic effect of larger doses of growth hormone is well documented in the literature: somatotropin antagonizes insulin action _in vivo_, causing insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. It increases glucose production through gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis from the liver and kidney and suppresses glucose uptake in the adipose tissue.In mice, growth hormone increased mRNA expression of 2 major gluconeogenic genes, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy-kinase and glucose-6-phosphatase.The risk for impaired glucose tolerance and reduced insulin sensitivity may be increased in susceptible patients, especially in those with risk factors for diabetes mellitus, such as obesity, Turner syndrome, or a family history of diabetes mellitus. The development of new-onset type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was observed in patients receiving somatotropin treatment. Growth hormone stimulates lipolysis via activation of the hormone-sensitive lipase in the adipose tissue, thereby increasing circulating levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides in the plasma. It also leads to a reduction of fat stores and decreased serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.In contrast to the effects seen in the adipose tissue, growth hormone promotes cellular uptake of free fatty acids in skeletal muscle by increasing the activity of lipoprotein lipase. Growth hormone may cause hyperinsulinism following beta-cell compensation for insulin resistance; however, there is some evidence that growth hormone directly promotes beta-cell proliferation and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. |
Targets
| Target | Organism | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| Growth hormone receptor | Humans | ligand |
| Prolactin receptor | Humans | ligand |
ADME / PK
| Absorption | When somatotropin was administered subcutaneously at the dose of 0.024 mg/kg or 3 IU/m<sup>2</sup>, the C<sub>max</sub> ranged from 13.8 (±5.8) to 17.1 (±10.0) ng/mL and the T<sub>max</sub> was four to five hours. Following intravenous infusion of 33 ng/kg/min of somatotropin in patients with growth hormone deficiency, the mean steady-state serum levels of approximately 23.1 (±15.0) ng/mL were reached at 150 minutes. |
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| Half-life | When somatotropin was administered subcutaneously at the dose of 0.024 mg/kg or 3 IU/m<sup>2</sup>, the mean apparent terminal half-life was Following intravenous infusion of 33 ng/kg/min of somatotropin in patients with growth hormone deficiency, the terminal elimination half-life was approximately 21.1 (±5.1) minutes. |
| Protein binding | While there is no information regarding the protein binding profile of recombinant human growth hormones, endogenous growth hormone is typically complexed with growth hormone-binding protein, which is a soluble form of growth hormone receptor, when it is incubated with plasma _in vitro_. |
| Metabolism | Information is unavailable. |
| Route of elimination | Information is unavailable. |
| Volume of distribution | Information is unavailable. |
| Clearance | Following intravenous infusion of 33 ng/kg/min of somatotropin in patients with growth hormone deficiency, the mean clearance rate was approximately 2.3 (±1.8) mL/min/kg or 139 (±105) mL/min. |
Formulation & handling
- Somatotropin is a recombinant peptide biologic supplied mainly as lyophilized powder or aqueous solution for subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, requiring reconstitution where applicable.
- The protein is sensitive to agitation, temperature excursions, and oxidation, so handling typically involves cold‑chain storage and gentle mixing to maintain structural integrity.
- Formulations often rely on stabilizers (e.g., buffers, tonicity agents, antioxidants) to support peptide stability and prevent adsorption to container surfaces.
Regulatory status
| Lifecycle | The API’s key US and Canadian patents expired between 2011 and 2018, indicating that it is now in a mature post‑exclusivity phase. With availability across Canada, the US, and the EU, the product occupies a well‑established, competitive market landscape. |
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| Markets | Canada, US, EU |
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Supply Chain
| Supply chain summary | Somatotropin is produced by numerous originator and biologics manufacturers, reflecting a diversified global supply base with established roles in both API production and finished‑dose packaging. Branded products are widely available in the US, EU, and Canada, indicating mature international distribution. With key US and Canadian patents long expired, the market already supports biosimilar and follow‑on competition. |
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Safety
| Toxicity | The oral LD<sub>50</sub> is 242 mg/kg in rats and 828 mg/kg in mice. The inhalatory LD<sub>50</sub> is 710 mg/m<sup>3</sup> and dermal LD<sub>50</sub> is 1100 mg/kg in rats. The intraperitoneal LD<sub>50</sub> in mice is 828 mg/kg. Hypoglycemia followed by hyperglycemia, possibly with fluid retention, can be observed in somatropin overdose. Long-term or excessive use of growth hormone can lead to the signs and symptoms of gigantism and acromegaly. |
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- High acute toxicity by multiple routes: oral LD50 values of 242 mg/kg (rat) and 828 mg/kg (mouse), inhalation LD50 of 710 mg/m³, and dermal LD50 of 1100 mg/kg (rat) indicate the need for controlled exposure environments
- Overexposure may trigger metabolic disturbances such as hypoglycemia followed by hyperglycemia, and prolonged or excessive dosing can produce growth‑related adverse effects consistent with gigantism or acromegaly
- Intraperitoneal LD50 of 828 mg/kg (mouse) supports classification as a substance requiring stringent containment during handling and formulation
Somatropin recombinant is a type of Somatropin Agonists
Somatropin agonists are a subcategory of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that are designed to mimic the action of the natural human growth hormone, somatropin. These agonists are developed to interact with specific receptors in the body, promoting growth and development.
Somatropin agonists have gained significant attention in the pharmaceutical industry due to their potential applications in various medical conditions. They are primarily used in the treatment of growth disorders, such as growth hormone deficiency in children and adults. By binding to the somatropin receptor, these agonists stimulate the production of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which is responsible for promoting tissue growth and development.
One of the advantages of somatropin agonists is their enhanced stability and bioavailability compared to naturally occurring somatropin. This allows for better control of dosage and consistent therapeutic effects. Furthermore, these agonists can be administered through various routes, including subcutaneous injection, making them convenient for patients.
The development of somatropin agonists involves rigorous research and optimization to ensure their safety and efficacy. Pharmaceutical companies employ advanced techniques, such as recombinant DNA technology, to produce these synthetic analogs. Quality control measures are implemented throughout the manufacturing process to ensure batch-to-batch consistency and adherence to regulatory standards.
In conclusion, somatropin agonists are a valuable subcategory of pharmaceutical APIs used in the treatment of growth disorders. Their ability to mimic the action of somatropin and promote tissue growth makes them a promising therapeutic option for patients in need. Ongoing research and development in this field aim to further enhance the efficacy and safety of somatropin agonists, providing improved treatment options for individuals with growth-related conditions.
Somatropin recombinant (Somatropin Agonists), classified under Hormonal Agents
Hormonal agents are a prominent category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) widely used in the medical field. These substances play a crucial role in regulating and modulating hormonal functions within the body. Hormonal agents are designed to mimic or manipulate the effects of naturally occurring hormones, allowing healthcare professionals to treat various endocrine disorders and hormonal imbalances.
Hormonal agents are commonly employed in the treatment of conditions such as hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, and hormonal cancers. These APIs work by interacting with specific hormone receptors, either by stimulating or inhibiting their activity, to restore the balance of hormones in the body. They can be administered orally, intravenously, or through other routes depending on the specific medication and patient needs.
Pharmaceutical companies employ rigorous manufacturing processes and quality control measures to ensure the purity, potency, and safety of hormonal agent APIs. These APIs are synthesized using chemical or biotechnological methods, often starting from natural hormone sources or through recombinant DNA technology. Stringent regulatory guidelines are in place to guarantee the efficacy and safety of hormonal agent APIs, ensuring that patients receive high-quality medications.
As the demand for hormone-related therapies continues to grow, ongoing research and development efforts focus on enhancing the effectiveness and reducing the side effects of hormonal agent APIs. This includes the exploration of novel delivery systems, advanced formulations, and targeted drug delivery methods. By continuously advancing our understanding and capabilities in hormonal agents, the medical community can improve patient outcomes and quality of life for individuals with hormonal disorders.
Somatropin recombinant API manufacturers & distributors
Compare qualified Somatropin recombinant API suppliers worldwide. We currently have 2 companies offering Somatropin recombinant API, with manufacturing taking place in 1 different countries. Use the table below to review supplier type, countries of origin, certifications, product portfolio and GMP audit availability.
| Supplier | Type | Country | Product origin | Certifications | Portfolio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apino Pharma Co., Ltd. | Producer | China | China | BSE/TSE, CoA, GMP, MSDS, USDMF | 229 products |
| Yifan Pharmaceutical Co.,... | Producer | China | China | BSE/TSE, CoA, GMP, ISO9001, MSDS, USDMF | 14 products |
When sending a request, specify which Somatropin recombinant API quality you need: for example EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or another pharmacopoeial standard, as well as the required grade (base, salt, micronised, specific purity, etc.).
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