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Sulfathiazole | CAS No: 72-14-0 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that provides broad-spectrum antibacterial coverage for veterinary use, supporting management of infections in cattle caused by susceptible gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
Therapeutic categories
Primary indications
- Sulfathiazole is effective against a wide range of gram positive and gram negative pathogenic microorganisms
- Although no longer used in humans, it is used in cattle
Product Snapshot
- Sulfathiazole is supplied as topical and vaginal formulations including ointments, creams, powders, and tablets
- It is used for antibacterial applications against gram-positive and gram‑negative organisms, primarily in veterinary settings
- It has historical human approvals but is now withdrawn for human use in the US and remains only vet‑approved
Clinical Overview
The antimicrobial activity of sulfathiazole is consistent with the pharmacological behavior of sulfonamides. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of bacterial dihydropteroate synthase, blocking incorporation of para‑aminobenzoic acid into dihydropteroate, an essential precursor of folate cofactors. This leads to impaired nucleotide synthesis and inhibition of bacterial growth. Its activity is bacteriostatic and dependent on adequate drug concentrations at the infection site.
Comprehensive pharmacokinetic data for sulfathiazole are limited in contemporary literature. As a short‑acting sulfonamide, it is generally characterized by moderate oral absorption, plasma protein binding typical of the class, and renal elimination of unchanged drug and metabolites. Distribution into tissues is adequate for systemic antimicrobial action, but details such as precise half‑life or bioavailability should be verified from primary regulatory or pharmacokinetic sources before formulation decisions.
Safety considerations include the known class effects of sulfonamides, such as hypersensitivity reactions, hematologic disturbances, and potential crystalluria, particularly under conditions of dehydration or acidic urine. Historical concerns over toxicity relative to newer sulfonamides contributed to its withdrawal from human use in many jurisdictions. Veterinary use should follow species‑specific dosing and withdrawal period requirements.
When sourcing sulfathiazole as an API, procurement teams should confirm compliance with regional veterinary‑use regulations, verify impurity controls aligned with sulfonamide class expectations, and ensure that suppliers provide robust documentation for quality, traceability, and residual solvent and elemental impurity profiles.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Sulfathiazole |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 72-14-0 |
| UNII | Y7FKS2XWQH |
| DrugBank ID | DB06147 |
Pharmacology
Targets
| Target | Organism | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| Dihydropteroate synthetase | Plasmodium falciparum | inhibitor |
ADME / PK
| Metabolism | Metabolism of sulfonamide drugs in animals includes conjugation at the N4-position (acetyl, sulfate, glucuronic acid, and glucose), conjugation at the N1-position (sulfate and glucuronic acid), removal of the p-amino group (formation of the desamino metabolite), ring hydroxylation, and conjugation of the ring hydroxylation products. Dietary nitrite enhances the production of the desamino metabolite of sulfathiazole. The intermediate leading to the desamino metabolite of sulfamethazine is weakly mutagenic in the Ames test (Nelson et al., 1987; Paulson et al., 1987). |
|---|
Formulation & handling
- Sulfathiazole is a small‑molecule sulfonamide suited mainly for topical and vaginal preparations due to modest aqueous solubility and solid-state stability.
- Formulations may require solubilizers or finely milled powder to enhance dispersion and uniformity in ointments, creams, or vaginal bases.
- The compound is chemically stable as a solid but can exhibit limited solubility in aqueous systems, favoring semi‑solid or powder formulations over injectable use.
Regulatory status
| Lifecycle | Patent expiry has enabled generic entry in the US, indicating a mature and competitive market. Product availability is stable, with limited remaining exclusivity dynamics influencing lifecycle outlook. |
|---|
| Markets | US |
|---|
Supply Chain
| Supply chain summary | Sulfathiazole is an older sulfonamide, and its branded products such as Gyne‑Sulf and Triple Sulfa indicate historical originator involvement rather than active proprietary control today. These brands have been available in the US, with similar formulations also used in other regions, though not necessarily under the same trade names. Patent protection for this compound has long expired, so manufacturing is typically supported by multiple generic producers with no exclusivity expected. |
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Safety
| Toxicity | Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 4500 mg/kg [Mouse]. |
|---|
- Acute oral toxicity is moderate, with an LD50 of ~4500 mg/kg (mouse), indicating low-to‑moderate hazard under normal handling but requiring standard controls to limit ingestion and dust exposure
- Sulfonamide-class compounds may cause sensitization reactions in exposed personnel
- Particulate forms should be handled with appropriate containment to reduce inhalation or contact risk
Sulfathiazole is a type of Sulfonamides and trimethoprim
Sulfonamides and trimethoprim are essential pharmaceutical active ingredients (APIs) widely used in the production of antibiotics. Sulfonamides belong to a class of synthetic antimicrobial agents that inhibit the growth of bacteria by interfering with their folic acid synthesis. These drugs are highly effective against various bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, and certain skin infections.
Trimethoprim, on the other hand, is a synthetic antibacterial agent that belongs to the diaminopyrimidine class. It works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is crucial for the synthesis of DNA and RNA in bacteria. By targeting this enzyme, trimethoprim effectively prevents bacterial replication, making it a valuable component in combination therapies for bacterial infections.
The combination of sulfonamides and trimethoprim is particularly potent, as it provides a synergistic effect against a broad spectrum of bacteria. This combination therapy is commonly used to treat urinary tract infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria, such as Escherichia coli. The two APIs work together to disrupt multiple steps in the bacterial metabolic pathway, enhancing their overall antibacterial activity.
Pharmaceutical companies produce sulfonamides and trimethoprim APIs through rigorous manufacturing processes, ensuring high quality and purity. These APIs are then used in the formulation of various antibiotic products, such as tablets, capsules, and suspensions, which are prescribed by healthcare professionals for the treatment of bacterial infections.
Overall, sulfonamides and trimethoprim are vital pharmaceutical subcategories that play a crucial role in combating bacterial infections, providing patients with effective and targeted antibiotic therapies.
Sulfathiazole (Sulfonamides and trimethoprim), classified under Antibacterials
Antibacterials, a category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), play a crucial role in combating bacterial infections. These APIs are chemical compounds that target and inhibit the growth or kill bacteria, helping to eliminate harmful bacterial pathogens from the body.
Antibacterials are essential for the treatment of various bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and more. They are commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals to combat both mild and severe bacterial infections.
Within the category of antibacterials, there are different classes and subclasses of APIs, each with distinct mechanisms of action and target bacteria. Some commonly used antibacterials include penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones. These APIs work by interfering with various aspects of bacterial cellular processes, such as cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, DNA replication, or enzyme activity.
The development and production of antibacterial APIs require stringent quality control measures to ensure their safety, efficacy, and purity. Pharmaceutical manufacturers must adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and follow rigorous testing protocols to guarantee the quality and consistency of these APIs.
As bacterial resistance to antibiotics continues to be a significant concern, ongoing research and development efforts aim to discover and develop new antibacterial APIs. The evolution of antibacterials plays a crucial role in combating emerging bacterial strains and ensuring effective treatment options for infectious diseases.
In summary, antibacterials are a vital category of pharmaceutical APIs used to treat bacterial infections. They are designed to inhibit or kill bacteria, and their development requires strict adherence to quality control standards. By continually advancing research in this field, scientists and pharmaceutical companies can contribute to the ongoing battle against bacterial infections.
Sulfathiazole API manufacturers & distributors
Compare qualified Sulfathiazole API suppliers worldwide. We currently have 6 companies offering Sulfathiazole API, with manufacturing taking place in 4 different countries. Use the table below to review supplier type, countries of origin, certifications, product portfolio and GMP audit availability.
| Supplier | Type | Country | Product origin | Certifications | Portfolio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chemsynlab | Producer | China | China | CoA | 11 products |
| LGM Pharma | Distributor | United States | World | BSE/TSE, CEP, CoA, GMP, MSDS, USDMF | 441 products |
| Productos Aditivos SA | Producer | Spain | Spain | CoA, EDMF/ASMF, GMP, ISO9001, MSDS, USDMF | 3 products |
| Sinoway industrial Co.,Lt... | Distributor | China | China | CoA, GMP, ISO9001, USDMF | 764 products |
| Tenatra Exports Private L... | Distributor | India | India | BSE/TSE, CoA, FDA, GMP, MSDS | 263 products |
| Zhejiang Chemsyn | Producer | China | China | CoA | 9 products |
When sending a request, specify which Sulfathiazole API quality you need: for example EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or another pharmacopoeial standard, as well as the required grade (base, salt, micronised, specific purity, etc.).
Use the list above to find high-quality Sulfathiazole API suppliers. For example, you can select GMP, FDA or ISO certified suppliers. Visit our help page to learn more about sourcing APIs via Pharmaoffer.
Frequently asked questions about Sulfathiazole API
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Regulatory
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