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Pantothenic acid | CAS No: 79-83-4 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that supports treatment of diabetic ulcers, wound healing, acne, obesity, and diabetic neuropathy while exhibiting potential cholesterol-lowering and hypolipidemic effects.
Therapeutic categories
Primary indications
- Studied for the treatment of many uses such as treatment of testicular torsion, diabetic ulceration, wound healing, acne, obesity, diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy
- It has also been investigated for its hypolipidemic effects and as cholesterol lowering agent
Product Snapshot
- Pantothenic acid is available in multiple oral and injectable formulations including tablets, capsules, syrups, solutions, gels, powders, and injectables suitable for cutaneous, oral, intramuscular, and intravenous administration
- It is primarily utilized for applications related to wound healing, diabetic complications, lipid regulation, acne, and obesity management
- The compound holds approved status in key regulatory markets including the US and Canada and is classified as approved, nutraceutical, and veterinary-approved
Clinical Overview
Clinically, pantothenic acid has been investigated for multiple applications, including the treatment of testicular torsion, diabetic ulceration, wound healing, acne, obesity, and diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy. Its potential hypolipidemic properties and cholesterol-lowering effects have also been studied, although it is primarily recognized for its nutritional value rather than as a pharmacotherapeutic agent.
Pharmacologically, pantothenic acid acts as a precursor to CoA, a critical coenzyme that facilitates the transport and metabolism of acyl groups within cells. These acyl groups are integral in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, contributing to cellular energy production, and are also substrates in the synthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol, and acetylcholine. CoA is additionally part of the acyl carrier protein (ACP) complex, essential in fatty acid biosynthesis. Mechanistically, pantothenic acid's incorporation into CoA aids in protecting cells from peroxidative damage, notably by increasing intracellular glutathione levels, which plays a crucial role in cellular antioxidant defense.
Pharmacokinetic considerations focus on the water-solubility of pantothenic acid, facilitating its absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and distribution throughout bodily tissues. Metabolism primarily leads to incorporation into CoA, with excess eliminated via renal excretion. Safety profiles indicate pantothenic acid is well-tolerated with low toxicity potential; deficiencies are rare due to its wide availability in dietary sources such as whole grains, legumes, eggs, meats, and dairy products. Notably, only the D-isomer exhibits biological activity, while the L-isomer may antagonize effects.
Pantothenic acid is included in various nutritional and veterinary formulations and is also employed in certain dermatological and wound care products. Key commercial forms include calcium pantothenate and panthenol, the latter serving as a stable provitamin used in topical applications.
For API procurement and formulation, sourcing should emphasize high purity, chiral specificity favoring the D-isomer, and compliance with pharmacopeial standards. Given pantothenic acid’s ubiquitous presence in biological systems, contamination and isomeric purity represent critical quality control considerations in manufacturing and supply chain management.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Pantothenic acid |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 79-83-4 |
| UNII | 19F5HK2737 |
| DrugBank ID | DB01783 |
Pharmacology
| Summary | Pantothenic acid is a precursor to coenzyme A (CoA), a critical cofactor involved in cellular energy metabolism through the tricarboxylic acid cycle and in the biosynthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol, and acetylcholine. It modulates acylation and acetylation reactions influencing signal transduction and enzyme regulation. Pantothenate kinase is a key enzymatic target in its metabolic activation, supporting its broad physiological roles. |
|---|---|
| Mechanism of action | Pantothenic acid is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Pantothenic acid is used in the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA). CoA is thought to act as a carrier molecule, allowing the entry of acyl groups into cells. This is of critical importance as these acyl groups are used as substrates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle to generate energy and in the synthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol, and acetylcholine. Additionally, CoA is part of acyl carrier protein (ACP), which is required in the synthesis of fatty acids in addition to CoAs use as a substrate. Pantothenic acid in the form of CoA is also required for acylation and acetylation, which, for example, are involved in signal transduction and enzyme activation and deactivation, respectively. Since pantothenic acid participates in a wide array of key biological roles, it may have numerous wide-ranging effects. |
Targets
| Target | Organism | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| Pantothenate kinase | Escherichia coli (strain K12) |
ADME / PK
| Absorption | Dietary pantothenic acid is primarily in the form of CoA or ACP and must be converted into free pantothenic acid for absorption. CoA and ACP are hydrolyzed into 4'-phosphopantetheine which is then dephosphorylated into pantetheine and subsequently hydrolyzed again to free pantothenic acid by Pantetheinase in the intestinal lumen. Free pantothenic acid is absorbed into intestinal cells via a saturable, sodium-dependent active transport system with passive diffusion acting as a secondary pathway. As intake increases up to 10-fold absorption rate can decrease to as low as 10% due to transporter saturation. |
|---|
Formulation & handling
- Pantothenic acid is formulated primarily for oral administration but is also available in intravenous and cutaneous forms.
- As a small molecule with high water solubility and low logP, it generally demonstrates good bioavailability and ease of formulation in aqueous vehicles.
- Handling requires protection from moisture to maintain stability in solid and lyophilized forms used for injectable preparations.
Regulatory status
| Lifecycle | The active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) has patent protection expiring in the US and Canada within the next 12 months, with generic formulations already entering mature markets in both regions. Ongoing regulatory approvals are expected to influence market competition post-patent expiry. |
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| Markets | Canada, US |
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Supply Chain
| Supply chain summary | The pantothenic acid supply landscape includes multiple originator companies producing branded formulations primarily in the US and Canadian markets. Branded products span various multivitamin and mineral combinations, targeting a broad consumer base across age groups. There is no specific patent information provided, suggesting established generic availability or limited patent-related market restrictions. |
|---|
Safety
| Toxicity | No Tolerable Upper Level Intake (UL) has been established for the vitamin. |
|---|
- No established Tolerable Upper Level Intake (UL)
- Dosage should be carefully controlled during formulation
- Toxicological profile indicates potential adverse effects at high concentrations
Pantothenic acid is a type of Vitamins
Vitamins are an essential subcategory of pharmaceutical Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) that play a crucial role in maintaining optimal health and well-being. These organic compounds are required in small quantities by the human body to support various metabolic processes and ensure proper functioning of bodily systems. Vitamins can be broadly classified into two groups: fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E, and K) and water-soluble vitamins (including vitamin C and B-complex vitamins). Each vitamin has a specific role and function within the body.
Pharmaceutical APIs in the vitamin subcategory are carefully synthesized or extracted to meet stringent quality standards and ensure purity, efficacy, and safety. They are used as active ingredients in the formulation of various pharmaceutical products, including dietary supplements, fortified foods, and pharmaceutical formulations.
Vitamin APIs are commonly utilized in the pharmaceutical industry for their therapeutic benefits. For instance, vitamin D API is widely prescribed to treat deficiencies and maintain optimal bone health, while vitamin C API is utilized for its antioxidant properties and immune-boosting effects. B-complex vitamins, such as vitamin B12 API, are essential for energy production and nerve function.
Overall, vitamins are integral to maintaining good health, and pharmaceutical APIs in this subcategory play a vital role in providing these essential nutrients to individuals through various pharmaceutical and dietary applications.
Pantothenic acid (Vitamins), classified under Therapeutic Nutrients/Minerals/Electrolyte
Therapeutic Nutrients/Minerals/Electrolytes: A Comprehensive Technical DescriptionTherapeutic nutrients, minerals, and electrolytes are a vital category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) used to support and enhance overall health and well-being. These compounds play a crucial role in maintaining the body's physiological balance, aiding in various metabolic processes, and addressing specific deficiencies.
Therapeutic nutrients encompass a broad range of substances, including vitamins, minerals, and electrolytes. Vitamins are organic compounds required in small quantities for proper bodily functions and are essential for growth, development, and disease prevention. Minerals, on the other hand, are inorganic substances that support numerous physiological processes, such as bone formation, nerve function, and energy production.
Electrolytes are minerals that carry an electric charge when dissolved in bodily fluids, including sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride. They play a crucial role in maintaining proper hydration, nerve impulses, muscle contractions, and pH balance.
Pharmaceutical APIs in the Therapeutic Nutrients/Minerals/Electrolyte category are designed to address specific deficiencies or imbalances in the body. These APIs are often used in the formulation of dietary supplements, nutritional products, and therapeutic treatments. They are manufactured under stringent quality control guidelines to ensure purity, potency, and bioavailability.
Therapeutic nutrients/minerals/electrolytes APIs are available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, powders, and liquid formulations. They are formulated to meet specific dosage requirements and can be combined with other ingredients for targeted health benefits.
Overall, therapeutic nutrients, minerals, and electrolytes APIs are essential components in maintaining optimal health. Their use helps address deficiencies, support bodily functions, and promote overall well-being. Pharmaceutical companies and healthcare professionals rely on these high-quality APIs to develop effective and safe products that contribute to a healthier population.
Pantothenic acid API manufacturers & distributors
Compare qualified Pantothenic acid API suppliers worldwide. We currently have 2 companies offering Pantothenic acid API, with manufacturing taking place in 2 different countries. Use the table below to review supplier type, countries of origin, certifications, product portfolio and GMP audit availability.
| Supplier | Type | Country | Product origin | Certifications | Portfolio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apollo Healthcare Resourc... | Distributor | Singapore | Singapore | BSE/TSE, CEP, CoA, EDMF/ASMF, FDA, GMP, ISO9001, JDMF, KDMF, MSDS, USDMF, WC | 200 products |
| Zhuhai Rundu | Producer | China | China | CoA, WC | 11 products |
When sending a request, specify which Pantothenic acid API quality you need: for example EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or another pharmacopoeial standard, as well as the required grade (base, salt, micronised, specific purity, etc.).
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