Sulisobenzone API Manufacturers

General Description:

Sulisobenzone, identified by CAS number 4065-45-6, is a notable compound with significant therapeutic applications. Sulisobenzone is approved by the FDA in concentrations of up to 10% and in Canada, is approved by Health Canada at the same concentrations . It works to filter out both UVA and UVB rays, protecting the skin from sun UV damage . The UV-filter substance, sulisobenzone (BP-4) is widely used an ingredient in sunscreens and other personal care products , . It falls under the drug category of _benzophenones_. The benzophenones are a group of aromatic ketones that have both pharmaceutical and industrial applications . Benzophenones may be found organically in fruits such as grapes . Benzophenones are used as photoinitiators, fragrance enhancers, ultraviolet curing agents, and, occasionally, as flavor ingredients; they are also used in the manufacture of insecticides, agricultural chemicals, and pharmaceuticals and as an additive for plastics, coatings, and adhesives . As a group, benzophenones may be used to delay photodegradation or extend shelf life in toiletries and plastic surface coatings .

Indications:

This drug is primarily indicated for: Sunscreening agents are used to prevent sunburn, actinic keratosis, and premature skin aging and to reduce the incidence of skin cancer . Its use in specific medical scenarios underscores its importance in the therapeutic landscape.

Metabolism:

Sulisobenzone undergoes metabolic processing primarily in: Benzophenone's main metabolic pathway in the rabbit is by reduction to benzhydrol. A small amount (1%) is converted to p-hydroxybenzophenone following oral administration to rats . This metabolic pathway ensures efficient processing of the drug, helping to minimize potential toxicity and side effects.

Absorption:

The absorption characteristics of Sulisobenzone are crucial for its therapeutic efficacy: Does not penetrate the skin to a large degree, but enhances the ability of other chemicals to penetrate . The drug's ability to rapidly penetrate into cells ensures quick onset of action.

Route of Elimination:

The elimination of Sulisobenzone from the body primarily occurs through: This drug's main metabolite is excreted in urine conjugated with glucuronic acid. No p-hydroxybenzohydrol was detected in urine or feces, in a study of pharmacokinetics in rats . Understanding this pathway is essential for assessing potential drug accumulation and toxicity risks.

Pharmacodynamics:

Sulisobenzone exerts its therapeutic effects through: Benzophenone sunscreens, applied topically, protect the skin from these harmful effects of ultraviolet light by chemically absorbing light energy (photons) . Correct use of sunscreens serves to reduce the risk of sunburn. Sunscreen agents prevent the occurrence of squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin when used mainly during unintentional sun exposure. No conclusion can be drawn about the cancer-preventive activity of topical use of sunscreens against both basal-cell carcinoma and cutaneous melanoma. Use of sunscreens can extend the duration of intentional sun exposure, such as bathing in the sun . The drug's ability to modulate various physiological processes underscores its efficacy in treating specific conditions.

Mechanism of Action:

Sulisobenzone functions by: A surface coating of benzophenones decreases the amount of UV radiation absorbed by the skin by limiting the total amount of energy that reaches the skin . Benzophenone sunscreens, applied topically, protect the skin from these harmful effects of ultraviolet light by chemically absorbing light energy (photons). As this occurs, the benzophenone molecule becomes activated to higher energy levels. As the excited molecule returns to its ground state, the energy is released in the form of thermal energy. The hydroxyl group in the ortho position to the carbonyl group is believed to be a structural requirement for the benzophenones' absorption of UV light. This structural arrangement also contributes to the electronic stability of the molecule. Benzophenones absorb energy throughout the UV range, although the maximum UV absorbance is between 284 and 287 nm for the 2-hydroxybenzophenones . This mechanism highlights the drug's role in inhibiting or promoting specific biological pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects.

Toxicity:

Classification:

Sulisobenzone belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzophenones. These are organic compounds containing a ketone attached to two phenyl groups, classified under the direct parent group Benzophenones. This compound is a part of the Organic compounds, falling under the Benzenoids superclass, and categorized within the Benzene and substituted derivatives class, specifically within the Benzophenones subclass.

Categories:

Sulisobenzone is categorized under the following therapeutic classes: Benzene Derivatives, Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted, Ketones, Sunscreen Agents. These classifications highlight the drug's diverse therapeutic applications and its importance in treating various conditions.

Experimental Properties:

Further physical and chemical characteristics of Sulisobenzone include:

• Water Solubility: 10 microgram/mL
• Melting Point: 145