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Etafedrine
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Looking for Etafedrine API 48141-64-6?
- Description:
- Here you will find a list of producers, manufacturers and distributors of Etafedrine. You can filter on certificates such as GMP, FDA, CEP, Written Confirmation and more. Send inquiries for free and get in direct contact with the supplier of your choice.
- API | Excipient name:
- Etafedrine
- Synonyms:
- (-)-etafedrine , alpha-(1-(ethylmethylamino)ethyl)benzyl alcohol , Etafedrine
- Cas Number:
- 48141-64-6
- DrugBank number:
- DB11587
- Unique Ingredient Identifier:
- 2Y6VQU63E8
General Description:
Etafedrine, identified by CAS number 48141-64-6, is a notable compound with significant therapeutic applications. Etafedrine (INN) or ethylephedrine is a long-acting bronchodilator and has been an ingredient combined with other drugs in the brand names Nethaprin and Dalmacol . It was previously available as both the free base and as the hydrochloride salt manufactured by Sanofi-Aventis (now Sanofi) has been discontinued . Ethylephedrine is be formed by alkylating ephedrine with ethyl iodide. The hydrochloride is be prepared by passing hydrogen chloride through a solution of ethylephedrine in diethyl ether . This belongs to the family of medications called _decongestants_. It acts by narrowing blood vessels in the nasal passages, helping to relieve nasal congestion .
Indications:
This drug is primarily indicated for: Conditions characterized by bronchial congestion and bronchospasm when an expectorant or bronchodilator action is required, such as acute bronchitis, acute episodes of chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma , . Its use in specific medical scenarios underscores its importance in the therapeutic landscape.
Absorption:
The absorption characteristics of Etafedrine are crucial for its therapeutic efficacy: Similar to its parent drug, ephedrine, it is readily and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; plasma peak concentrations are reached an hour after ingestion . A single oral dose of 24 mg produced an average peak plasma concentration of 0.10 mg/L . The drug's ability to rapidly penetrate into cells ensures quick onset of action.
Half-life:
The half-life of Etafedrine is an important consideration for its dosing schedule: It has a plasma half-life ranging from 3 to 6 hours depending on urinary pH . This determines the duration of action and helps in formulating effective dosing regimens.
Route of Elimination:
The elimination of Etafedrine from the body primarily occurs through: Excreted mainly in the urine . Understanding this pathway is essential for assessing potential drug accumulation and toxicity risks.
Volume of Distribution:
Etafedrine is distributed throughout the body with a volume of distribution of: Similar to ephedrine, at about 3L/kg . This metric indicates how extensively the drug permeates into body tissues.
Pharmacodynamics:
Etafedrine exerts its therapeutic effects through: Etafedrine helps to control the cough which is associated with irritation of the mouth and throat that is not alleviated by cough medications that are less strong . The results of one study in 48 individuals showed that lung FEV1 (forced expiratory volume) and lung VC (vital capacity) were significantly improved with etafedrine, sleep improved, and patients showed improved appetite in addition to the suppression of cough . The drug's ability to modulate various physiological processes underscores its efficacy in treating specific conditions.
Mechanism of Action:
Etafedrine functions by: A sympathomimetic agent, etafedrine acts on the sympathetic receptors of the bronchial tree, relieving spasm in a manner similar to that of ephedrine . Etafedrine acts as a selective β adrenoreceptor agonist, thereby mediating its bronchodilator effects without increasing norepinephrine release . This is distinctly different from ephedrine and tyramine which trigger the release of epinephrine or norepinephrine. N-ethylation of ephedrine suppresses the indirect sympathomimetic activity and markedly enhances the efficacy on beta 2- adrenoceptors . This mechanism highlights the drug's role in inhibiting or promoting specific biological pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects.
Toxicity:
Classification:
Etafedrine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanes. These are organic compounds containing a phenylpropane moiety, classified under the direct parent group Phenylpropanes. This compound is a part of the Organic compounds, falling under the Benzenoids superclass, and categorized within the Benzene and substituted derivatives class, specifically within the Phenylpropanes subclass.
Categories:
Etafedrine is categorized under the following therapeutic classes: Adrenergic Agonists, Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists, Adrenergic beta-Agonists, Agents producing tachycardia, Agents that produce hypertension, Alcohols, Amines, Amino Alcohols, Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted, Ethylamines, Phenethylamines, Propanolamines, Propanols. These classifications highlight the drug's diverse therapeutic applications and its importance in treating various conditions.
Experimental Properties:
Further physical and chemical characteristics of Etafedrine include:
- Melting Point: 108-110
Etafedrine is a type of Anti-asthma
Anti-asthma pharmaceutical APIs are a category of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) specifically developed to combat asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways. These APIs play a crucial role in the formulation of effective medications used to manage and treat asthma symptoms.
The primary objective of anti-asthma pharmaceutical APIs is to alleviate airway inflammation and bronchospasms, which are the major factors contributing to asthma attacks. These APIs target specific cellular receptors involved in the inflammatory response, such as leukotriene receptors and beta-2 adrenergic receptors.
Corticosteroids are a common class of anti-asthma APIs used to suppress inflammation in the airways. They work by inhibiting the production of inflammatory molecules, thereby reducing swelling and mucus production. Beta-2 agonists are another essential group of APIs that act on the beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the airway smooth muscles, leading to relaxation and opening of the airways.
Anti-asthma APIs are carefully synthesized and purified to meet stringent quality standards, ensuring their safety and efficacy. Extensive research and development efforts go into optimizing the pharmacological properties of these APIs, including their bioavailability, stability, and compatibility with different formulations.
Pharmaceutical companies utilize anti-asthma APIs to develop various dosage forms, including inhalers, tablets, and injections. These APIs are often combined with other excipients and technologies to enhance drug delivery and improve patient compliance.
In conclusion, anti-asthma pharmaceutical APIs are critical components in the development of medications that effectively manage asthma symptoms. They target key mechanisms underlying asthma pathophysiology, providing relief from airway inflammation and bronchospasms. These APIs enable the formulation of safe and efficient anti-asthma drugs, empowering individuals with asthma to lead healthier lives.
