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Benznidazole
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Looking for Benznidazole API 22994-85-0?
- Description:
- Here you will find a list of producers, manufacturers and distributors of Benznidazole. You can filter on certificates such as GMP, FDA, CEP, Written Confirmation and more. Send inquiries for free and get in direct contact with the supplier of your choice.
- API | Excipient name:
- Benznidazole
- Synonyms:
- Benznidazol , Benznidazolum
- Cas Number:
- 22994-85-0
- DrugBank number:
- DB11989
- Unique Ingredient Identifier:
- YC42NRJ1ZD
General Description:
Benznidazole, identified by CAS number 22994-85-0, is a notable compound with significant therapeutic applications. Benznidazole was granted accelerated approval for the treatment of Chagas disease in children 2-12 years of age by the FDA on August 29, 2017. It is the first treatment made available in the United States for Chagas disease.
Indications:
This drug is primarily indicated for: For use in the treatment of Chagas disease in children 2-12 years of age . Its use in specific medical scenarios underscores its importance in the therapeutic landscape.
Metabolism:
Benznidazole undergoes metabolic processing primarily in: Benznidazole is metabolized by nitroreductases in *Trypanosoma cruzi* and by cytochrome P450 enzymes . This metabolic pathway ensures efficient processing of the drug, helping to minimize potential toxicity and side effects.
Absorption:
The absorption characteristics of Benznidazole are crucial for its therapeutic efficacy: Benznidazole has a bioavailability of 91.7% and a Tmax of 2.93 h . The drug's ability to rapidly penetrate into cells ensures quick onset of action.
Half-life:
The half-life of Benznidazole is an important consideration for its dosing schedule: The half life of elimination is 13.27 h . This determines the duration of action and helps in formulating effective dosing regimens.
Route of Elimination:
The elimination of Benznidazole from the body primarily occurs through: The metabolites of benznidazole appear to be primarily exreted in the urine . Understanding this pathway is essential for assessing potential drug accumulation and toxicity risks.
Volume of Distribution:
Benznidazole is distributed throughout the body with a volume of distribution of: The apparent volume of distribution is 39.19 L . This metric indicates how extensively the drug permeates into body tissues.
Clearance:
The clearance rate of Benznidazole is a critical factor in determining its safe and effective dosage: The apparent oral clearance is 2.04 L/h . It reflects the efficiency with which the drug is removed from the systemic circulation.
Pharmacodynamics:
Benznidazole exerts its therapeutic effects through: Benznidazole is a trypanocidal agent which kills the causative organism in Chagas disease, *Trypanosoma cruzi* . The drug's ability to modulate various physiological processes underscores its efficacy in treating specific conditions.
Mechanism of Action:
Benznidazole functions by: Benznidazole is thought to be reduced to various electrophilic metabolites by nitroreductases present in *Trypanosoma cruzi* . These metabolites likely bind to proteins, lipids, DNA, and RNA resulting in damage to these macromolecules. Benznidazole has been found to increase trypanosomal death through interferon-γ which is likely present in increased amounts due to inflammation caused by macromolecule damage . DNA in parasites affected by benznidazole has been found to undergo extensive unpacking with overexpression of DNA repair proteins supporting the idea of DNA damage contributing to the mechanism of the drug . This mechanism highlights the drug's role in inhibiting or promoting specific biological pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects.
Toxicity:
Classification:
Benznidazole belongs to the class of organic compounds known as nitroaromatic compounds. These are c-nitro compounds where the nitro group is C-substituted with an aromatic group, classified under the direct parent group Nitroaromatic compounds. This compound is a part of the Organic compounds, falling under the Organic 1,3-dipolar compounds superclass, and categorized within the Allyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compounds class, specifically within the Organic nitro compounds subclass.
Categories:
Benznidazole is categorized under the following therapeutic classes: Agents Against Leishmaniasis and Trypanosomiasis, Anti-Infective Agents, Antiparasitic Agents, Antiparasitic Products, Insecticides and Repellents, Antiprotozoals, Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted, Imidazoles, Immunologic Factors, Mutagens, Nitro Compounds, Nitroimidazole Antimicrobial, Nitroimidazole Derivatives, Noxae, Toxic Actions, Trypanocidal Agents. These classifications highlight the drug's diverse therapeutic applications and its importance in treating various conditions.
Experimental Properties:
Further physical and chemical characteristics of Benznidazole include:
- Melting Point: 190-192
Benznidazole is a type of Anti-infective Agents
Anti-infective agents are a vital category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) used in the treatment of various infectious diseases. These agents play a crucial role in combating bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections. The demand for effective anti-infective APIs has grown significantly due to the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant microorganisms.
Anti-infective APIs encompass a wide range of substances, including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics. Antibiotics are particularly important in fighting bacterial infections and are further categorized into different classes based on their mode of action and target bacteria. Antivirals are designed to inhibit viral replication and are essential in the treatment of viral infections such as influenza and HIV. Antifungals combat fungal infections, while antiparasitics are used to eliminate parasites that cause diseases like malaria and helminthiasis.
The development and production of high-quality anti-infective APIs require stringent manufacturing processes and adherence to regulatory standards. Pharmaceutical companies invest heavily in research and development to discover new and more effective anti-infective agents. Additionally, ensuring the safety, efficacy, and stability of these APIs is of utmost importance.
The global market for anti-infective APIs is driven by factors such as the rising incidence of infectious diseases, the emergence of new and drug-resistant pathogens, and the growing demand for improved healthcare infrastructure. Continuous advancements in pharmaceutical technology and the development of innovative drug delivery systems further contribute to the expansion of this market.
In conclusion, anti-infective agents are a critical category of pharmaceutical APIs that play a pivotal role in treating infectious diseases. Their effectiveness in combating various types of infections makes them essential components in the arsenal of modern medicine.
