Esculin API Manufacturers

General Description:

Esculin, identified by CAS number 531-75-9, is a notable compound with significant therapeutic applications. Esculin is found in barley. Vitamin C2 is generally considered a bioflavanoid, related to vitamin P esculin is a glucoside that naturally occurs in the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), California Buckeye (Aesculus californica) and in daphnin (the dark green resin of Daphne mezereum). Esculin belongs to the family of Glycosyl Compounds. These are carbohydrate derivatives in which a sugar group is bonded through its anmoeric carbonA to another group via a C-, S-,N-,O-, or Se- glycosidic bond.

Indications:

This drug is primarily indicated for: As medication, esculin is sometimes used as a vasoprotective agent. Esculin is also used in a microbiology laboratory to aid in the identification of bacterial species (especially Enterococci and Listeria), as all strains of Group D Streptococci hydrolyze æsculin in 40% bile. Its use in specific medical scenarios underscores its importance in the therapeutic landscape.

Metabolism:

Esculin undergoes metabolic processing primarily in: After oral administration of esculin (100 mg/kg) for rats, plasma, urine, feces and bile samples were collected to screen metabolites. As a result, a total of 19 metabolites (10 phase I metabolites and 9 phase II metabolites) were found and identified. It was also found that after oral administration of esculin, the esculin could be metabolized to esculetin in vivo via deglycosylation, and esculetin was found in all biological samples. This metabolic pathway ensures efficient processing of the drug, helping to minimize potential toxicity and side effects.

Absorption:

The absorption characteristics of Esculin are crucial for its therapeutic efficacy: Rarely, absorbed into the blood stream if used as a combination with other ingredients in suppository form. But, Applying cream or ointment form to open wound or skin may lead this drug to absorb and circulate into blood stream. The drug's ability to rapidly penetrate into cells ensures quick onset of action.

Half-life:

The half-life of Esculin is an important consideration for its dosing schedule: Absorption half life about 1 hour and elimination half life about 20 hours. This determines the duration of action and helps in formulating effective dosing regimens.

Pharmacodynamics:

Esculin exerts its therapeutic effects through: Topically applied Esculine increases the “capillary density” (the number of capillaries open to flow per surface unit) and improves the morphological aspect of the smallest blood vessels. The drug's ability to modulate various physiological processes underscores its efficacy in treating specific conditions.

Mechanism of Action:

Esculin functions by: The main activities of Esculine focus on capillary protection, as it improves capillary permeability and fragility. It is reported to inhibit catabolic enzymes such as hyaluronidase and collagenase, thus preserving the integrity of the perivascular connective tissue. Esculine also showed good antioxidant properties, protecting triglycerides against auto-oxidation at high temperatures . The antioxidant property might as well explain some of the anti-inflammatory activity of the product, making it a suitable product for after sun treatments, for example. This mechanism highlights the drug's role in inhibiting or promoting specific biological pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects.

Toxicity:

Classification:

Esculin belongs to the class of organic compounds known as coumarin glycosides. These are aromatic compounds containing a carbohydrate moiety glycosidically bound to a coumarin moiety, classified under the direct parent group Coumarin glycosides. This compound is a part of the Organic compounds, falling under the Phenylpropanoids and polyketides superclass, and categorized within the Coumarins and derivatives class, specifically within the Coumarin glycosides subclass.

Categories:

Esculin is categorized under the following therapeutic classes: Benzopyrans, Carbohydrates, Coumarins, Glucosides, Glycosides, Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring, Pyrans. These classifications highlight the drug's diverse therapeutic applications and its importance in treating various conditions.