Glycol salicylate API Manufacturers

General Description:

Glycol salicylate, identified by CAS number 87-28-5, is a notable compound with significant therapeutic applications. Glycol salicylate, also known as _2-hydroxyethyl salicylate_, is a benzoate ester formed from the condensation of the carboxy group of salicylic acid with one of the hydroxy groups of ethylene glycol. It is found as an active ingredient and topical analgesic in patches used to provide relief for mild to moderate muscle and joint pain . This drug belongs to the _salicylate_ group of drugs, which are used as analgesic agents for the treatment of mild to moderate pain . Glycol salicylate (GS), composed of salicylic acid (SA) and ethylene glycol, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug . This ingredient is an important component of many topical creams and sprays for the relief of aches, pains, and stiffness of the muscles, joints, and tendons .

Indications:

This drug is primarily indicated for: This drug is only recommended for topical usages for the relief of muscular and rheumatic pain in human and animals . Its use in specific medical scenarios underscores its importance in the therapeutic landscape.

Metabolism:

Glycol salicylate undergoes metabolic processing primarily in: The metabolism of glycol salicylate is similar to that of at other salicylates . Metabolism of salicylic acid occurs through glucuronide formation (to produce salicyl acyl glucuronide and salicyl phenolic glucuronide), conjugation with glycine (to produce salicyluric acid), and oxidation to gentisic acid. The rate of formation of salicyl phenolic glucuronide and salicyluric acid are readily saturated at low salicylic acid concentrations and their formation is described by Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The larger the dose administered, the longer it will take to reach steady-state concentrations of salicylates. There is also evidence that enzyme induction of salicyluric acid formation occurs during the metabolism of salicylates . This metabolic pathway ensures efficient processing of the drug, helping to minimize potential toxicity and side effects.

Absorption:

The absorption characteristics of Glycol salicylate are crucial for its therapeutic efficacy: Salicylate absorption follows first-order kinetics with an absorption half-life ranging from 5 to 16 minutes . The drug's ability to rapidly penetrate into cells ensures quick onset of action.

Half-life:

The half-life of Glycol salicylate is an important consideration for its dosing schedule: The serum half-life of , a similar salicylate, is 20 min . This determines the duration of action and helps in formulating effective dosing regimens.

Protein Binding:

Glycol salicylate exhibits a strong affinity for binding with plasma proteins: The plasma protein binding of salicylic acid is concentration-dependent and subject to pronounced interindividual differences . This property plays a key role in the drug's pharmacokinetics and distribution within the body.

Route of Elimination:

The elimination of Glycol salicylate from the body primarily occurs through: Salicylates are generally excreted . Understanding this pathway is essential for assessing potential drug accumulation and toxicity risks.

Pharmacodynamics:

Glycol salicylate exerts its therapeutic effects through: Temporarily relieves minor to moderate aches and pains . Works with ingredients such as menthol, which has counter-irritant properties . Counter-irritants are externally applied, and lead to irritation or mild inflammation of the skin to relieve pain in muscles or joints by reducing inflammation in deeper adjacent structures . Counter-irritants relieve pain by disrupting the brain from receiving pain signals resulting from conditions such as osteoarthritis (OA) or injuries such as sprains or strains. These agents may cause vasodilatation or skin irritation, leading to a false sensation of heat or warmth . The drug's ability to modulate various physiological processes underscores its efficacy in treating specific conditions.

Mechanism of Action:

Glycol salicylate functions by: Similar to other salicylates. Salicylates and other analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) mainly used in rheumatology, inhibit cyclooxygenase, therefore reducing prostaglandin synthesis . This mechanism highlights the drug's role in inhibiting or promoting specific biological pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects.

Toxicity:

Classification:

Glycol salicylate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as o-hydroxybenzoic acid esters. These are benzoic acid esters where the benzene ring is ortho-substituted with a hydroxy group, classified under the direct parent group o-Hydroxybenzoic acid esters. This compound is a part of the Organic compounds, falling under the Benzenoids superclass, and categorized within the Benzene and substituted derivatives class, specifically within the Benzoic acids and derivatives subclass.

Categories:

Glycol salicylate is categorized under the following therapeutic classes: Acids, Carbocyclic, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Benzene Derivatives, Benzoates, Hydroxy Acids, Hydroxybenzoates, Phenols. These classifications highlight the drug's diverse therapeutic applications and its importance in treating various conditions.

Experimental Properties:

Further physical and chemical characteristics of Glycol salicylate include:

• Water Solubility: 13.1 g/L
• Melting Point: 25
• Boiling Point: 166