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- Antibacterials
- Virginiamycin M1
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Virginiamycin M1 | CAS No: 21411-53-0 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that provides antibacterial activity against Gram-positive infections, including resistant strains, for potential use in combination therapies targeting bacterial infections.
Therapeutic categories
Primary indications
- For the treatment of bacterial infections
Product Snapshot
- Virginiamycin M1 is a peptide antibiotic used as an antimicrobial agent
- It is primarily intended for the treatment of bacterial infections
- The compound is currently in an experimental stage and lacks FDA or EMA approval
Clinical Overview
Clinically, Virginiamycin M1 has been investigated for the treatment of bacterial infections, with notable activity against Gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). It is most effective when used in combination with related streptogramin B components, such as virginiamycin B, owing to a synergistic mechanism that enhances antibacterial efficacy.
The mechanism of action involves inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis at the ribosomal level. Virginiamycin M1 binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and blocks peptide elongation by preventing the peptide bond formation between the peptidyl-tRNA and the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA. This disruption of peptide chain synthesis ultimately inhibits bacterial growth.
Pharmacodynamic parameters specific to Virginiamycin M1 are not extensively documented. Similarly, detailed absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics are not well defined in the public domain, reflecting its experimental status. Safety and toxicity profiles also remain limited, though the compound’s antibiotic class is typically associated with concerns such as hypersensitivity reactions and microbial resistance development.
Virginiamycin M1 is categorized within amino acids, peptides, and proteins, anti-bacterial agents, and is specifically recognized as a streptogramin Group A antibiotic. Currently, it is considered experimental and has limited brand presence or approved therapeutic use internationally.
For formulation scientists and API sourcing teams, procuring Virginiamycin M1 requires attention to stringent quality standards due to its complex biosynthetic origin and chemical stability considerations. Supplier qualification should include verification of contaminant profiles, batch consistency, and compliance with relevant pharmacopeial or regulatory guidelines to ensure suitability for pharmaceutical development and research applications.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Virginiamycin M1 |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 21411-53-0 |
| UNII | 8W4UOL59AZ |
| DrugBank ID | DB01669 |
Pharmacology
| Summary | Virginiamycin M1 is a macrocyclic lactone antibiotic that inhibits bacterial peptide elongation by preventing peptide bond formation at the 50S ribosomal subunit. It acts synergistically with streptogramin B compounds to target protein synthesis in Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The compound's primary pharmacodynamic activity involves inhibition of peptide chain extension, contributing to its antibacterial effects. |
|---|---|
| Mechanism of action | Virginiamycin M1 is a macrocyclic lactone antibiotic that acts syngeristically with the structurally unrelated cyclic depsipeptides more commonly known as the virginiamycins B (ostreogrycin B or streptogramin B) and S to inhibit peptide elongation. This is achieved by blocking formation of a peptide bond between the growing peptide chain (peptidyl-tRNA) linked to the 50S ribosome and aminoacyl-tRNA. Virginiamycin M1 has proven to be highly active against Gram positive bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus. |
Targets
| Target | Organism | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| Streptogramin A acetyltransferase | Enterococcus faecium |
Formulation & handling
- Virginiamycin M1 is a small molecule macrolide lactam suitable for oral administration due to its molecular properties.
- Low aqueous solubility indicates the need for formulation strategies to enhance bioavailability.
- Stability considerations should focus on maintaining integrity of both cyclic amide and ester groups under processing and storage conditions.
Regulatory status
Virginiamycin M1 is a type of Antibacterials
Antibacterials, a category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), play a crucial role in combating bacterial infections. These APIs are chemical compounds that target and inhibit the growth or kill bacteria, helping to eliminate harmful bacterial pathogens from the body.
Antibacterials are essential for the treatment of various bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and more. They are commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals to combat both mild and severe bacterial infections.
Within the category of antibacterials, there are different classes and subclasses of APIs, each with distinct mechanisms of action and target bacteria. Some commonly used antibacterials include penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones. These APIs work by interfering with various aspects of bacterial cellular processes, such as cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, DNA replication, or enzyme activity.
The development and production of antibacterial APIs require stringent quality control measures to ensure their safety, efficacy, and purity. Pharmaceutical manufacturers must adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and follow rigorous testing protocols to guarantee the quality and consistency of these APIs.
As bacterial resistance to antibiotics continues to be a significant concern, ongoing research and development efforts aim to discover and develop new antibacterial APIs. The evolution of antibacterials plays a crucial role in combating emerging bacterial strains and ensuring effective treatment options for infectious diseases.
In summary, antibacterials are a vital category of pharmaceutical APIs used to treat bacterial infections. They are designed to inhibit or kill bacteria, and their development requires strict adherence to quality control standards. By continually advancing research in this field, scientists and pharmaceutical companies can contribute to the ongoing battle against bacterial infections.
