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General Description:

Mogamulizumab, identified by CAS number 1159266-37-1, is a notable compound with significant therapeutic applications. Mogamulizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) for the treatment of Mycosis Fungoides (MF) and Sézary Syndrome (SS), the most common subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas occur when certain white blood cells, called T cells, become cancerous; these cancers typically affect the skin, causing various types of skin lesions. On August 8 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved mogamulizumab injection (also known as _Poteligeo_) for intravenous use for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory mycosis fungoides (MF) or Sézary syndrome (SS) after at least one prior systemic therapy. It was approved for the same indications in Canada in June 2022. Mogamulizumab is derived from Kyowa Hakko Kirin's POTELLIGENT (®) technology, which produces antibodies with enhanced antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity. Approval in Japan was granted on April 30 2012 by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare for patients with relapsed or refractory CCR4-positive adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma.

Indications:

This drug is primarily indicated for: Mogamulizumab is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory mycosis fungoides (MF) or Sézary syndrome (SS) after at least one prior systemic therapy. Its use in specific medical scenarios underscores its importance in the therapeutic landscape.

Absorption:

The absorption characteristics of Mogamulizumab are crucial for its therapeutic efficacy: Following repeated dosing of the approved recommended dosage, steady-state concentrations were reached after 8 doses (12 weeks), and the systemic accumulation was 1.6-fold. At steady state, the peak concentration (Cmax,ss) is 32 (68%) μg/mL, the trough concentration (Cmin,ss) is 11 (239%) μg/mL, and AUCss is 5577 (125%) μg•hr/mL. The drug's ability to rapidly penetrate into cells ensures quick onset of action.

Half-life:

The half-life of Mogamulizumab is an important consideration for its dosing schedule: The terminal half-life is 17 days. This determines the duration of action and helps in formulating effective dosing regimens.

Volume of Distribution:

Mogamulizumab is distributed throughout the body with a volume of distribution of: The central volume of distribution is 3.6 L. This metric indicates how extensively the drug permeates into body tissues.

Clearance:

The clearance rate of Mogamulizumab is a critical factor in determining its safe and effective dosage: Clearance is 12 mL/h. It reflects the efficiency with which the drug is removed from the systemic circulation.

Pharmacodynamics:

Mogamulizumab exerts its therapeutic effects through: This drug is a CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) antagonist. It is a monoclonal antibody which blocks T cell proliferation, which leads to malignancy. CCR4 is a chemokine receptor that is preferentially expressed by Th2 and regulatory T (Treg) cells. In response to its ligands, CCL17 (TARC) and CCL22 (MDC), CCR4 promotes T-cell migration to extranodal sites, including the skin. The drug's ability to modulate various physiological processes underscores its efficacy in treating specific conditions.

Mechanism of Action:

Mogamulizumab functions by: Mogamulizumab selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of CCR4, which may block CCR4-mediated signal transduction pathways and, so, chemokine-mediated cellular migration and proliferation of T cells, as well as chemokine-mediated angiogenesis. Additionally, this agent may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CCR4-positive T cells. CCR4, a G-coupled-protein receptor for C-C chemokines such MIP-1, RANTES, TARC and MCP-1, is expressed on the surfaces of some types of T cells, endothelial cells, and certain types of neurons. CCR4, also known as CD194, may be overexpressed on adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) cells . In addition to directly targeting malignant T cells expressing CCR4, mogamulizumab depletes Treg cells, an important therapeutic target in many human cancers because of their role in suppressing host antitumor immunity . This mechanism highlights the drug's role in inhibiting or promoting specific biological pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects.

Toxicity:

Classification:

Mogamulizumab belongs to the None, classified under the direct parent group Peptides. This compound is a part of the Organic Compounds, falling under the Organic Acids superclass, and categorized within the Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives class, specifically within the Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues subclass.

Categories:

Mogamulizumab is categorized under the following therapeutic classes: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins, Antibodies, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Antineoplastic Agents, Antineoplastic and Immunomodulating Agents, Blood Proteins, Cancer immunotherapy, Chemokine Receptor Type 4 Interaction, Chemokine Receptor Type 4 Interactions, Globulins, Immunoglobulins, Immunoproteins, Immunotherapy, MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AND ANTIBODY DRUG CONJUGATES, Narrow Therapeutic Index Drugs, Proteins, Serum Globulins. These classifications highlight the drug's diverse therapeutic applications and its importance in treating various conditions.