Ioxitalamic acid API Manufacturers

General Description:

Ioxitalamic acid, identified by CAS number 28179-44-4, is a notable compound with significant therapeutic applications. Ioxitalamate is an ionic iodinated contrast medium. It is a first-generation contrast media formed by an ionic monomer with a high osmolarity of 1500-1800 mOsm/kg. Ioxitalamic acid in the salt forms of sodium and meglumine was developed by Liebel-Flarshem Canada Inc and approved by Health Canada in 1995. Until the last review in 2015, this drug is still available in the market.

Indications:

This drug is primarily indicated for: Ioxitalamate in both of its available forms is indicated for exploration of the digestive tract by tomodensitometry or by regular gastroduodenal radiography. Its use is restrained to the cases in which the administration of barium sulfate is not recommended or contraindicated. The intravascular administration of ioxitalamate is contraindicated as it may present significant side effects. Its use in specific medical scenarios underscores its importance in the therapeutic landscape.

Metabolism:

Ioxitalamic acid undergoes metabolic processing primarily in: The rapid clearance suggests that ioxitalamate is not metabolized in the body. This metabolic pathway ensures efficient processing of the drug, helping to minimize potential toxicity and side effects.

Absorption:

The absorption characteristics of Ioxitalamic acid are crucial for its therapeutic efficacy: When administered ioxitalamate is not absorbed in the GI tract. In the case of presence of an intestinal perforation, ioxitalamate is completely absorbed. When administered intravascularly, ioxitalamate is rapidly distributed in the interstitial space and intravascular compartment. The drug's ability to rapidly penetrate into cells ensures quick onset of action.

Half-life:

The half-life of Ioxitalamic acid is an important consideration for its dosing schedule: The elimination half-life of ioxitalamate is 1.1 hours. This determines the duration of action and helps in formulating effective dosing regimens.

Protein Binding:

Ioxitalamic acid exhibits a strong affinity for binding with plasma proteins: Iodinated monomeric contrast agents are rarely bound to plasma proteins and when they bind, usually the association is very weak. When bound, it only represents from 0 to 27% of the ioxitalamate administered dose. This property plays a key role in the drug's pharmacokinetics and distribution within the body.

Route of Elimination:

The elimination of Ioxitalamic acid from the body primarily occurs through: As ioxitalamate is not absorbed in the normal intestine, the elimination route of this compound is entirely performed by the feces. When absorbed due to the presence of an intestinal perforation, ioxitalamate presents a rapid renal elimination. when ioxitalamate is administered intravascularly, it is eliminated unchanged mainly via renal excretion through glomerular filtration without reabsorption or tubular secretion. In the cases of renal failure, the elimination is mainly performed in the biliary, salivary, sudoral and colic route. Understanding this pathway is essential for assessing potential drug accumulation and toxicity risks.

Volume of Distribution:

Ioxitalamic acid is distributed throughout the body with a volume of distribution of: The volume of distribution of ioxitalamate is 194 ml/kg. This metric indicates how extensively the drug permeates into body tissues.

Clearance:

The clearance rate of Ioxitalamic acid is a critical factor in determining its safe and effective dosage: The total clearance rate of ioxitalamate is 120 ml/min. It reflects the efficiency with which the drug is removed from the systemic circulation.

Pharmacodynamics:

Ioxitalamic acid exerts its therapeutic effects through: Ioxitalamate presents a very large osmolality which is related to the presence of renal toxicity, vasodilatation, bradycardia and pulmonary hypertension. This large osmolality allows ioxitalamate to move slowly in the bowel allowing for analysis for later follow excretion in the feces. The drug's ability to modulate various physiological processes underscores its efficacy in treating specific conditions.

Mechanism of Action:

Ioxitalamic acid functions by: Ioxitalamate acts as a bowel opacifier which facilitates the interpretation of the anatomy and differentiation of bowel loops from soft tissue masses. This mechanism highlights the drug's role in inhibiting or promoting specific biological pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects.

Toxicity:

Classification:

Ioxitalamic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as halobenzoic acids. These are benzoic acids carrying a halogen atom on the benzene ring, classified under the direct parent group Halobenzoic acids. This compound is a part of the Organic compounds, falling under the Benzenoids superclass, and categorized within the Benzene and substituted derivatives class, specifically within the Benzoic acids and derivatives subclass.

Categories:

Ioxitalamic acid is categorized under the following therapeutic classes: Acids, Carbocyclic, Alcohols, Amino Sugars, Benzene Derivatives, Benzoates, Carbohydrates, Compounds used in a research, industrial, or household setting, Contrast Media, Diagnostic Uses of Chemicals, Hexosamines, Iodobenzoates, Sugar Alcohols, Triiodobenzoic Acids, Watersoluble, Nephrotropic, High Osmolar X-Ray Contrast Media, X-Ray Contrast Media, Iodinated. These classifications highlight the drug's diverse therapeutic applications and its importance in treating various conditions.

Experimental Properties:

Further physical and chemical characteristics of Ioxitalamic acid include:

• Water Solubility: Soluble
• Melting Point: 349 ºC