Homatropine API Manufacturers

General Description:

Homatropine, identified by CAS number 87-00-3, is a notable compound with significant therapeutic applications. Homatropine is an anticholinergic drug that acts as an antagonist at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. It is present in antitussives, under the trade name Hycodan, in combination with hydrocodone (dihydrocodeinone) bitartrate indicated for the symptomatic relief of cough as oral tablets or solutions. Homatropine is included in subtherapeutic amounts as homatropine methylbromide to discourage deliberate overdosage. Homatropine hydrobromide has been administered as ophthalmic solutions as a cycloplegic to temporarily paralyze accomodation, and to induce mydriasis (the dilation of the pupil); however such therapeutic use has not been approved by the FDA to be safe and effective.

Indications:

This drug is primarily indicated for: Indicated as an overdose-rescuing agent in combination with hydrocodone antitussive . Indicated for the induction of mydriasis in ophthalmic solutions. Its use in specific medical scenarios underscores its importance in the therapeutic landscape.

Metabolism:

Homatropine undergoes metabolic processing primarily in: No pharmacokinetic data available. This metabolic pathway ensures efficient processing of the drug, helping to minimize potential toxicity and side effects.

Absorption:

The absorption characteristics of Homatropine are crucial for its therapeutic efficacy: No pharmacokinetic data available. The drug's ability to rapidly penetrate into cells ensures quick onset of action.

Half-life:

The half-life of Homatropine is an important consideration for its dosing schedule: No pharmacokinetic data available. This determines the duration of action and helps in formulating effective dosing regimens.

Protein Binding:

Homatropine exhibits a strong affinity for binding with plasma proteins: No pharmacokinetic data available. This property plays a key role in the drug's pharmacokinetics and distribution within the body.

Route of Elimination:

The elimination of Homatropine from the body primarily occurs through: No pharmacokinetic data available. Understanding this pathway is essential for assessing potential drug accumulation and toxicity risks.

Volume of Distribution:

Homatropine is distributed throughout the body with a volume of distribution of: No pharmacokinetic data available. This metric indicates how extensively the drug permeates into body tissues.

Clearance:

The clearance rate of Homatropine is a critical factor in determining its safe and effective dosage: No pharmacokinetic data available. It reflects the efficiency with which the drug is removed from the systemic circulation.

Pharmacodynamics:

Homatropine exerts its therapeutic effects through: Homatropine is an anticholinergic drug that produces typical anticholinergic effects inducing mydriasis and cycloplegia. Other effects of structurally-related atropine that could also apply to homatropine include inhibition of secretions, tachycardia, relaxation of smooth muscle and central nervous effects including excitation . The drug's ability to modulate various physiological processes underscores its efficacy in treating specific conditions.

Mechanism of Action:

Homatropine functions by: Homatropine is a competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist with a bulky aromatic group in place of the acetyl group of acetylcholine. It is expected to act in similar manner as atropine, producing similar parasympatholytic effects. By blocking muscarinic receptors and cholinergic signalling pathways, homatropine blocks the response of the iris sphincter muscle and cause the pupil to become unresponsive to light upon dilation or mydriasis. It also blocks the accommodative muscle of the ciliary body to cholinergic stimulation . This mechanism highlights the drug's role in inhibiting or promoting specific biological pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects.

Toxicity:

Categories:

Homatropine is categorized under the following therapeutic classes: Alkaloids, Anticholinergic Agents, Autonomic Agents, Aza Compounds, Azabicyclo Compounds, Muscarinic Antagonists, Mydriatics and Cycloplegics, Ophthalmologicals, Parasympatholytics, Peripheral Nervous System Agents, Sensory Organs. These classifications highlight the drug's diverse therapeutic applications and its importance in treating various conditions.

Experimental Properties:

Further physical and chemical characteristics of Homatropine include:

• Water Solubility: Soluble as hydrobromide
• Melting Point: 191°C as methylbromide and 212°C as hydrobromide