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General Description:

Tilactase, identified by CAS number 9031-11-2, is a notable compound with significant therapeutic applications. Tilactase is a beta-D-galactosidase obtained from _Aspergillus oryzae_. It is produced as a chewable tablet that has to be taken before the consumption of a lactose-containing meal. The beta-D-galactosidase us a large monomeric multi-domain enzyme of 985 residues that presents a catalytic (alpha/beta)8-barrel domain. It is considered by the WHO as part of the International Nonpropietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances.

Indications:

This drug is primarily indicated for: Tilactase is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of lactose intolerance in infants and older patients requiring a parenteral nutrition or fluid diet. Lactose intolerance occurs when there is an existence of an inability to break down lactose which is commonly found in dairy products. This inability occurs when the lactase levels are reduced and thus there is no via to digest and break down the lactose. The undigested lactose moves into the large intestine where normal flora bacteria can interact with it and cause bloating, gas and diarrhea. Its use in specific medical scenarios underscores its importance in the therapeutic landscape.

Metabolism:

Tilactase undergoes metabolic processing primarily in: Tilactase is degraded by the stomach acid and by the normal flora bacterial metabolism. This metabolic pathway ensures efficient processing of the drug, helping to minimize potential toxicity and side effects.

Absorption:

The absorption characteristics of Tilactase are crucial for its therapeutic efficacy: Tilactase is not absorbed in the GI tract and thus the pharmacokinetic parameters related to absorption are not relevant. The drug's ability to rapidly penetrate into cells ensures quick onset of action.

Half-life:

The half-life of Tilactase is an important consideration for its dosing schedule: Tilactase half-life at 35ºC is registered to be 123.77 min. This half-life can be affected by temperature in an inversely proportional manner. This determines the duration of action and helps in formulating effective dosing regimens.

Protein Binding:

Tilactase exhibits a strong affinity for binding with plasma proteins: Tilactase is not absorbed and thus the plasma protein binding is not possible. This property plays a key role in the drug's pharmacokinetics and distribution within the body.

Route of Elimination:

The elimination of Tilactase from the body primarily occurs through: Tilactase is completely eliminated in the feces either unchanged or as metabolites. Understanding this pathway is essential for assessing potential drug accumulation and toxicity risks.

Volume of Distribution:

Tilactase is distributed throughout the body with a volume of distribution of: Tilactase is not absorbed and thus the volume of distribution is not relevant. This metric indicates how extensively the drug permeates into body tissues.

Clearance:

The clearance rate of Tilactase is a critical factor in determining its safe and effective dosage: Tilactase is not absorbed and thus the clearance rate is not relevant. It reflects the efficiency with which the drug is removed from the systemic circulation.

Pharmacodynamics:

Tilactase exerts its therapeutic effects through: The use of a single oral administration of tilactase has been shown to be highly effective in decreasing the symptoms and hydrogen excretion of hypolactasia in tests of lactose H(2)-breath. The analysis has shown a decrease of approximately 80% in both malabsorbers and intolerants.The administration of tilacatase also decreases the presence of bloating and flatus. The drug's ability to modulate various physiological processes underscores its efficacy in treating specific conditions.

Mechanism of Action:

Tilactase functions by: Lactose is the primary disaccharide found in dairy products. Tilactase is a type of lactase which is the enzyme that is in charge of the breakdown of lactose to glucose and galactose which can be used by the body. Basically, tilactase acts by replacing the missing lactase in the body and allows avoidance of the reach of lactose to the small intestine and the normal bacteria and thus, preventing the symptoms of the lactose intolerance. Once tilactase has metabolized the lactose, the metabolism products are reabsorbed by the normal process of digestion. This mechanism highlights the drug's role in inhibiting or promoting specific biological pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects.

Toxicity:

Classification:

Tilactase belongs to the None, classified under the direct parent group Peptides. This compound is a part of the Organic Compounds, falling under the Organic Acids superclass, and categorized within the Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives class, specifically within the Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues subclass.

Categories:

Tilactase is categorized under the following therapeutic classes: Alimentary Tract and Metabolism, Antifoaming Agents, beta-Galactosidase, Digestives, Incl. Enzymes, Enzyme Preparations, Enzymes, Enzymes and Coenzymes, Galactosidases, Gastrointestinal Agents, Glycoside Hydrolases, Hydrolases. These classifications highlight the drug's diverse therapeutic applications and its importance in treating various conditions.

Experimental Properties:

Further physical and chemical characteristics of Tilactase include:

• Water Solubility: Slightly soluble
• Isoelectric Point: 4.5
• Molecular Weight: 102000.0