L-Lysine API Manufacturers & Suppliers
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Lysine | CAS No: 56-87-1 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that supports herpes simplex management and may aid bone health, offered as a nutritional supplement for varied clinical and parenteral formulation needs.
Therapeutic categories
Primary indications
- Supplemental lysine has putative anti-herpes simplex virus activity
- There is preliminary research suggesting that it may have some anti-osteoporotic activity
Product Snapshot
- Lysine is available as an oral small‑molecule supplement and in multiple parenteral solution and emulsion formats for clinical nutrition use
- Its primary uses include nutritional supplementation with putative anti–herpes simplex virus activity and exploratory anti‑osteoporotic effects
- It is marketed in the US, EU, and Canada with status ranging from approved medicinal ingredient in parenteral nutrition to nutraceutical classification for oral forms
Clinical Overview
Pharmacologically, lysine contributes to collagen formation and supports calcium handling, antibody production, and enzymatic and hormonal pathways. Its ε‑amino group participates in hydrogen bonding, acid‑base catalysis, and multiple post‑translational modifications such as acetylation and methylation. Lysine‑derived hydroxylysine is a structural component of collagen, underscoring its relevance to connective tissue integrity.
The proposed mechanism underlying lysine’s influence on herpes simplex virus relates to the balance between lysine and arginine. Viral proteins are arginine rich, and experimental systems demonstrate that a high arginine‑to‑lysine ratio can enhance viral replication, while a higher lysine‑to‑arginine ratio may inhibit replication and cytopathic effects. Lysine also facilitates intestinal calcium absorption, which may indirectly affect bone metabolism.
Absorption occurs primarily in the small intestine via active transport. Lysine is widely distributed as a constituent of endogenous proteins and undergoes normal amino acid catabolism. Excess lysine is metabolized predominantly through the saccharopine pathway. Elimination occurs as metabolic products, with minimal renal excretion of unchanged amino acid under normal conditions.
Safety considerations include gastrointestinal intolerance at high supplemental doses and the theoretical risk of altering amino acid balance in patients with specific metabolic disorders. Lysine is generally well tolerated when used within established nutritional ranges, but data on long‑term high‑dose use remain limited.
Common usage contexts include oral dietary supplements and parenteral nutrition formulations. For API procurement, sourcing should prioritize identity verification, impurity control, chirality confirmation for the L‑isomer, and compliance with pharmacopeial specifications relevant to the intended route of administration.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Lysine |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 56-87-1 |
| UNII | K3Z4F929H6 |
| DrugBank ID | DB00123 |
Pharmacology
| Summary | L‑lysine is an essential amino acid transported by cationic amino acid transporters and incorporated into proteins via lysine‑tRNA ligase. By altering the lysine‑to‑arginine ratio in tissues, it can reduce conditions favorable for herpes simplex virus replication, reflecting a nutrient‑dependent antiviral effect. It also supports general amino‑acid–dependent processes such as collagen formation and calcium absorption, which underlie its exploratory evaluation in skeletal and connective‑tissue research. |
|---|---|
| Mechanism of action | Proteins of the herpes simplex virus are rich in L-arginine, and tissue culture studies indicate an enhancing effect on viral replication when the amino acid ratio of L-arginine to lysine is high in the tissue culture media. When the ratio of L-lysine to L-arginine is high, viral replication and the cytopathogenicity of herpes simplex virus have been found to be inhibited. L-lysine may facilitate the absorption of calcium from the small intestine. |
| Pharmacodynamics | Insures the adequate absorption of calcium; helps form collagen ( which makes up bone cartilage & connective tissues); aids in the production of antibodies, hormones & enzymes. Recent studies have shown that Lysine may be effective against herpes by improving the balance of nutrients that reduce viral growth. A deficiency may result in tiredness, inability to concentrate, irritability, bloodshot eyes, retarded growth, hair loss, anemia & reproductive problems. |
Targets
| Target | Organism | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| High affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1 | Humans | |
| Cationic amino acid transporter 4 | Humans | |
| Cationic amino acid transporter 3 | Humans |
ADME / PK
| Absorption | Absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine into the enterocytes by an active transport process |
|---|---|
| Metabolism | Hepatic |
Formulation & handling
- Lysine is a small, highly water‑soluble amino acid suitable for simple aqueous oral formulations and for incorporation into parenteral nutrition solutions.
- High hydrophilicity (logP −3.2) supports stable IV solutions, though pH control is required to maintain compatibility with other amino acids and electrolytes.
- Solid oral forms are straightforward to process, with minimal sensitivity to food effects due to rapid dissolution and absorption.
Regulatory status
| Lifecycle | With core patent protections reaching or approaching expiry in Canada, the US, and the EU, the active pharmaceutical ingredient is entering a mature stage of its lifecycle. Market presence across all three regions suggests an environment moving toward broader competition and established generic availability. |
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| Markets | Canada, US, EU |
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Supply Chain
| Supply chain summary | Lysine is supplied by multiple packagers rather than a single originator company, reflecting its status as a well‑established amino acid ingredient used across parenteral nutrition products. Branded formulations are available in the US, EU, and Canada, indicating broad global distribution. As a non‑patented commodity API, lysine faces longstanding and widespread generic availability. |
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L-Lysine is a type of Amino acids
Amino acids are an essential category of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. These organic compounds are the building blocks of proteins and play a crucial role in various biological processes. With their increasing popularity and therapeutic potential, amino acids have become a focus of research and development in drug discovery.
Amino acids can be classified into two main categories: essential and non-essential. Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from dietary sources or through pharmaceutical supplementation. Non-essential amino acids, on the other hand, can be synthesized by the body itself.
Pharmaceutical-grade amino acids are produced through a variety of methods, including extraction from natural sources, fermentation, and chemical synthesis. They undergo rigorous quality control procedures to ensure purity, efficacy, and safety. The most common amino acids used as APIs include lysine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, and methionine, among others.
Amino acids have diverse applications in the pharmaceutical industry. They are widely used as ingredients in parenteral nutrition formulations, where they provide essential nutrients to patients who cannot consume food orally. Additionally, amino acids are utilized in the development of protein-based drugs, such as monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins. These pharmaceutical proteins often require specific amino acid sequences to achieve desired therapeutic effects.
In conclusion, amino acids are a vital category of pharmaceutical APIs, playing a significant role in protein synthesis, nutrition, and the development of protein-based drugs. With their extensive applications and growing demand, amino acids continue to contribute to advancements in the pharmaceutical industry.
L-Lysine API manufacturers & distributors
Compare qualified L-Lysine API suppliers worldwide. We currently have 12 companies offering L-Lysine API, with manufacturing taking place in 5 different countries. Use the table below to review supplier type, countries of origin, certifications, product portfolio and GMP audit availability.
| Supplier | Type | Country | Product origin | Certifications | Portfolio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ajinomoto | Producer | Japan | Unknown | CEP, CoA, FDA, GMP, USDMF | 24 products |
| Bengbu BBCA Tushan | Producer | China | China | CoA, WC | 2 products |
| Evonik Rexim | Producer | China | France | CEP, CoA, FDA, GMP, USDMF | 18 products |
| Fuzhou Medcore Pharmaceut... | Distributor | China | China | CoA | 9 products |
| Innovative Healthcare | Producer | India | India | CoA, GMP, HALAL, ISO9001, MSDS, WHO-GMP | 10 products |
| Menadiona, S.L. | Producer | Spain | Spain | CoA, GMP, MSDS | 15 products |
| PharmaZell | Producer | Germany | India | BSE/TSE, CoA, FDA, GDP, GMP, MSDS, WC | 31 products |
| Senova Technology Co., Lt... | Producer | China | China | CoA, GMP, USDMF | 157 products |
| Shanghai Kyowa A.A | Producer | China | Unknown | CEP, CoA, FDA, GMP | 12 products |
| Sinoway industrial Co.,Lt... | Distributor | China | China | CoA, GMP, ISO9001, USDMF | 762 products |
| Tianjin Tianyao | Producer | China | China | CoA, WC | 24 products |
| Wuhan Amino Acid Bio-Chem... | Producer | China | China | CoA | 32 products |
When sending a request, specify which L-Lysine API quality you need: for example EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or another pharmacopoeial standard, as well as the required grade (base, salt, micronised, specific purity, etc.).
Use the list above to find high-quality L-Lysine API suppliers. For example, you can select GMP, FDA or ISO certified suppliers. Visit our help page to learn more about sourcing APIs via Pharmaoffer.
