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Azaperone | CAS No: 1649-18-9 | GMP-certified suppliers
A medication that provides sedative and tranquilizing effects for veterinary use, primarily in swine and elephants, to manage agitation and facilitate safe handling.
Therapeutic categories
Product Snapshot
- Azaperone is an injectable solution formulated for intramuscular administration
- It is primarily used for veterinary applications as a neuroleptic agent
- The product holds veterinary approval status and is considered investigational in human markets
Clinical Overview
Clinically, azaperone is predominantly utilized as a veterinary tranquilizer, with primary use in swine and elephants. In these species, it is employed to facilitate sedation and manage agitation during handling or transport. Its use in horses is limited due to specific adverse reactions observed in equine species. Human use of azaperone as an antipsychotic is rare and investigational rather than approved.
While detailed pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic data are limited, the compound’s mechanism of action involves competitive antagonism at dopamine D2 receptors, which mediates its neuroleptic and tranquilizing effects. The sedative properties result from central dopamine blockade, which also accounts for its antiemetic activity. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) data specific to azaperone are not extensively documented in the literature, particularly for human use.
Safety considerations in veterinary contexts include monitoring for potential neurotoxic effects and species-specific sensitivities, notably caution in equines due to risk of adverse reactions. As with other typical antipsychotics, extrapyramidal symptoms may theoretically occur, but clinical data are scarce given its limited application in humans.
Azaperone is categorized as a veterinary-approved compound and considered investigational in humans. For pharmaceutical development and API procurement, sourcing from suppliers compliant with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards is critical to ensure purity, batch consistency, and regulatory compliance. Quality control should verify chemical identity, absence of impurities, and appropriate potency to meet veterinary medicinal product requirements.
Identification & chemistry
| Generic name | Azaperone |
|---|---|
| Molecule type | Small molecule |
| CAS | 1649-18-9 |
| UNII | 19BV78AK7W |
| DrugBank ID | DB11376 |
Formulation & handling
- Azaperone is formulated as an intramuscular injectable solution suitable for veterinary use.
- Its moderate lipophilicity (LogP 3.21) and low water solubility require careful consideration of solvent systems for formulation.
- Handling should account for formulation stability in solution, with appropriate measures to maintain sterility and prevent degradation.
Regulatory status
Azaperone is a type of Antipsychotics
Antipsychotics belong to the pharmaceutical API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient) category used to treat psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other related conditions. These medications play a crucial role in managing symptoms associated with psychosis, including hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking.
Antipsychotics work by modulating the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly dopamine and serotonin. They can be categorized into two classes: first-generation (typical) antipsychotics and second-generation (atypical) antipsychotics. Typical antipsychotics primarily target dopamine receptors, while atypical antipsychotics also affect serotonin receptors.
The pharmaceutical API category of antipsychotics includes various well-known drugs, such as haloperidol, chlorpromazine, risperidone, quetiapine, and olanzapine. These APIs are often formulated into different dosage forms, including tablets, capsules, injections, and oral suspensions, to provide flexibility in administration and patient-specific needs.
Antipsychotics offer relief from psychotic symptoms by stabilizing the imbalanced neurotransmitter activity in the brain. However, they may also have certain side effects, such as sedation, weight gain, extrapyramidal symptoms, and metabolic disturbances. It is essential for healthcare professionals to carefully monitor patients receiving antipsychotic treatment to optimize therapeutic benefits while minimizing adverse effects.
In summary, antipsychotics are a vital category of pharmaceutical APIs used to manage psychiatric disorders by modulating neurotransmitter activity in the brain. Their effectiveness in treating psychosis has made them a cornerstone of mental health treatment, providing much-needed relief to individuals suffering from these conditions.
Azaperone API manufacturers & distributors
Compare qualified Azaperone API suppliers worldwide. We currently have 7 companies offering Azaperone API, with manufacturing taking place in 6 different countries. Use the table below to review supplier type, countries of origin, certifications, product portfolio and GMP audit availability.
| Supplier | Type | Country | Product origin | Certifications | Portfolio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bayer | Producer | Germany | Germany | CoA, GMP | 42 products |
| Cambrex | Producer | Italy | United States | CoA, GMP | 104 products |
| Chr. Olesen Group | Distributor | Denmark | Spain | CoA, USDMF | 252 products |
| Minakem | Producer | France | France | BSE/TSE, CEP, CoA, EDMF/ASMF, GMP, HALAL, MSDS, USDMF | 31 products |
| Moehs | Producer | Spain | Spain | CoA, GMP | 50 products |
| Pharmacin | Producer | Netherlands | Netherlands | CoA, GMP | 3 products |
| S.I.M.S. | Producer | Italy | Italy | CoA, GMP | 18 products |
When sending a request, specify which Azaperone API quality you need: for example EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or another pharmacopoeial standard, as well as the required grade (base, salt, micronised, specific purity, etc.).
Use the list above to find high-quality Azaperone API suppliers. For example, you can select GMP, FDA or ISO certified suppliers. Visit our help page to learn more about sourcing APIs via Pharmaoffer.
