4-butoxy-n-hydroxybenzeneacetamide (Bufexamac) API Manufacturers
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Looking for Bufexamac API 2438-72-4?
- Description:
- Here you will find a list of producers, manufacturers and distributors of Bufexamac. You can filter on certificates such as GMP, FDA, CEP, Written Confirmation and more. Send inquiries for free and get in direct contact with the supplier of your choice.
- API | Excipient name:
- Bufexamac
- Synonyms:
- 2-(p-Butoxyphenyl)-acetohydroxamic acid , 4-Butoxy-N-hydroxybenzeneacetamide , 4-Butoxyphenylacetohydroxamic acid , Acide p-butoxyphenylacethydroxamique , bufexamaco , bufexamacum , Bufexamic acid , p-Butoxyphenylacetohydroxamic acid
- Cas Number:
- 2438-72-4
- DrugBank number:
- DB13346
- Unique Ingredient Identifier:
- 4T3C38J78L
General Description:
Bufexamac, identified by CAS number 2438-72-4, is a notable compound with significant therapeutic applications. Bufexamac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) under the market name Droxaryl, Malipuran, Paraderm and Parfenac. It is typically administered topically for the treatment of subacute and chronic eczema of the skin, including atopic eczema and other inflammatory dermatoses, as well as sunburn and other minor burns, and itching. It has also been used in suppositories in combination with local anaesthetics indicated for haemorrhoids. The use of bufexamac has been discontinued in Canada and the United States, which may be due to undetermined clinical efficacy and a high prevalence of contact sensitization . Bufexamac was also withdrawn by the EMA in April 2010.
Indications:
This drug is primarily indicated for: Indicated for the treatment of various skin conditions, such as atopic eczema and other inflammatory dermatoses. Its use in specific medical scenarios underscores its importance in the therapeutic landscape.
Metabolism:
Bufexamac undergoes metabolic processing primarily in: No data available. This metabolic pathway ensures efficient processing of the drug, helping to minimize potential toxicity and side effects.
Absorption:
The absorption characteristics of Bufexamac are crucial for its therapeutic efficacy: Method of application affects the extent of cutaneous absorption . Following rectal administration as suppositories, the systemic absorption was reported to be low . The drug's ability to rapidly penetrate into cells ensures quick onset of action.
Half-life:
The half-life of Bufexamac is an important consideration for its dosing schedule: No data available. This determines the duration of action and helps in formulating effective dosing regimens.
Protein Binding:
Bufexamac exhibits a strong affinity for binding with plasma proteins: No data available. This property plays a key role in the drug's pharmacokinetics and distribution within the body.
Route of Elimination:
The elimination of Bufexamac from the body primarily occurs through: Following topical administration of 5% bufexamac, the recovery in the urine was 3.5% of the applied dose within 144 hours . Studies in healthy volunteers receiving an oral dose of 125 to 500 mg indicate that an average of 80% of the total dose is excreted in the urine within 48 hours . Understanding this pathway is essential for assessing potential drug accumulation and toxicity risks.
Volume of Distribution:
Bufexamac is distributed throughout the body with a volume of distribution of: No data available. This metric indicates how extensively the drug permeates into body tissues.
Clearance:
The clearance rate of Bufexamac is a critical factor in determining its safe and effective dosage: No data available. It reflects the efficiency with which the drug is removed from the systemic circulation.
Pharmacodynamics:
Bufexamac exerts its therapeutic effects through: Bufexamac is a topically-active anti-inflammatory agent that inhibits the cyclooxygenase enzyme. In cutaneous and deep experimental inflammation, topical administration of bufexamac exerted a dose-related anti-inflammatory effect . In guinea pigs, bufexamax was shown to be more active than topical acetylsalicylic acid 5% or phenylbutazone 5% in delaying the local increase in temperature resulting from UV exposure . Bufexamac is unlikely to have any effect on wound healing . The drug's ability to modulate various physiological processes underscores its efficacy in treating specific conditions.
Mechanism of Action:
Bufexamac functions by: The full mechanism of action is unclear. It is proposed that bufexamac acts similarly to other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis _in vitro_, via inhibiting cyclo-oxygenase (COX) enzymes . Systematically administered bufexamac may accumulate preferentially in the adrenal cortex of rats and may play a role in adrenal stimulation; however its topical anti-inflammatory action is likely to be independent of this effect . This mechanism highlights the drug's role in inhibiting or promoting specific biological pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects.
Toxicity:
Classification:
Bufexamac belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylacetamides. These are amide derivatives of phenylacetic acids, classified under the direct parent group Phenylacetamides. This compound is a part of the Organic compounds, falling under the Benzenoids superclass, and categorized within the Benzene and substituted derivatives class, specifically within the Phenylacetamides subclass.
Categories:
Bufexamac is categorized under the following therapeutic classes: Acetamides, Acetic Acid Derivatives and Related Substances, Agents causing hyperkalemia, Amides, Amines, Analgesics, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal (Non-Selective), Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products, Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products, Non-Steroids, Antiinflammatory Preparations, Non-Steroids for Topical Use, Antineoplastic Agents, Antirheumatic Agents, Benzene Derivatives, Benzeneacetamides, Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors, Hydroxamic Acids, Hydroxy Acids, Hydroxylamines, Musculo-Skeletal System, Nephrotoxic agents, Non COX-2 selective NSAIDS, Peripheral Nervous System Agents, Sensory System Agents, Topical Products for Joint and Muscular Pain. These classifications highlight the drug's diverse therapeutic applications and its importance in treating various conditions.
Experimental Properties:
Further physical and chemical characteristics of Bufexamac include:
- Water Solubility: Immiscible
- Melting Point: 153 to 155
Bufexamac is a type of Analgesics
Analgesics are a category of pharmaceutical Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) that are commonly used to relieve pain. They are designed to alleviate discomfort by targeting the body's pain receptors or by reducing inflammation. Analgesics are widely utilized in the medical field to manage various types of pain, ranging from mild to severe.
One of the primary classes of analgesics is nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs work by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, substances that contribute to pain and inflammation. This class includes well-known drugs like ibuprofen and naproxen. Another class of analgesics is opioids, which are derived from opium or synthetic compounds that mimic the effects of opium. Opioids act on the central nervous system to reduce pain perception and provide potent pain relief. Examples of opioids include morphine, codeine, and oxycodone.
Analgesics are available in various forms, such as tablets, capsules, creams, and injections, allowing for different routes of administration based on the patient's needs. They are commonly used to manage pain associated with conditions like arthritis, headaches, dental procedures, and post-operative recovery.
It is important to note that analgesics should be used under medical supervision, as improper use or overuse can lead to adverse effects, including gastrointestinal complications, addiction, and respiratory depression in the case of opioids. Therefore, it is crucial for healthcare professionals to assess each patient's individual needs and prescribe the appropriate analgesic and dosage.
In summary, analgesics are a vital category of pharmaceutical APIs used to alleviate pain by targeting pain receptors or reducing inflammation. With various classes and forms available, they provide valuable options for pain management when used responsibly and under medical guidance.
