Patent Blue API Manufacturers

General Description:

Patent Blue, identified by CAS number 25305-77-5, is a notable compound with significant therapeutic applications. Patent blue is aniline dye and it is one of the most common dyes used. It is a sodium or calcium salt of diethylammonium hydroxide inner salt. It has the chemical designation of (4-(alpha-(p-(diethylamino)phenyl)-2,4-disulfobenzylidene)-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-ylidene)diethylammonium hydroxide. Patent blue was developed by Guerbet and approved by Health Canada on December 31, 1979. The isomer isosulphan is used in the United States for the same indications than patent blue.

Indications:

This drug is primarily indicated for: Patent blue is used for marking lymphatic vessels and arterial territories as well as for sentinel lymph node prior to biopsy in patients with operable breast cancer and clinically negative lymph nodes in combination with a radiotracer. Patent blue is also used in the textile, paper, agriculture and cosmetic industry. Its use in specific medical scenarios underscores its importance in the therapeutic landscape.

Metabolism:

Patent Blue undergoes metabolic processing primarily in: In vitro studies have shown that patent blue is not metabolized. This metabolic pathway ensures efficient processing of the drug, helping to minimize potential toxicity and side effects.

Absorption:

The absorption characteristics of Patent Blue are crucial for its therapeutic efficacy: Patent blue is selectively absorbed in the lymphatics. When administered orally, patent blue has a very low absorption and limited systemic availability. The drug's ability to rapidly penetrate into cells ensures quick onset of action.

Half-life:

The half-life of Patent Blue is an important consideration for its dosing schedule: The elimination half-life is of about 24-48 hours. This determines the duration of action and helps in formulating effective dosing regimens.

Protein Binding:

Patent Blue exhibits a strong affinity for binding with plasma proteins: Patent blue gets specifically bound to albumin which allows it to travel through the breast lymphatics. This property plays a key role in the drug's pharmacokinetics and distribution within the body.

Route of Elimination:

The elimination of Patent Blue from the body primarily occurs through: Patent blue is excreted into the urine and bile.The excretion is more significant in the urine which after the administration of patent blue intravenously can even change to a blue coloration. When administered orally, patent blue is excreted unchanged in feces. Understanding this pathway is essential for assessing potential drug accumulation and toxicity risks.

Volume of Distribution:

Patent Blue is distributed throughout the body with a volume of distribution of: This pharmacokinetic parameter has not been studied. This metric indicates how extensively the drug permeates into body tissues.

Clearance:

The clearance rate of Patent Blue is a critical factor in determining its safe and effective dosage: This pharmacokinetic property has nos been fully studied. It reflects the efficiency with which the drug is removed from the systemic circulation.

Pharmacodynamics:

Patent Blue exerts its therapeutic effects through: Administration of patent blue has been reported to cause hypersensitivity reactions in approximately 1% of the patients. It also presents a localized blue coloration which has made patent blue a sensitive and specific option for the detection of micrometastatic cancer in lymph nodes. The drug's ability to modulate various physiological processes underscores its efficacy in treating specific conditions.

Mechanism of Action:

Patent Blue functions by: The specific binding of patent blue allows it to freely travel in the breast lymphatics and allows staging with a less invasive alternative. Patent blue will form a complex with albumin which will be picked up by regional afferent lymphatics to identify sentinel lymph nodes. A sentinel lymph node is the first lymph node in a chain or group of lymph nodes that cancer is most likely to spread to. The determination of the sentinel lymph node allows the physician to stage cancer by observing if cancer has spread to the near lymph nodes. This mechanism highlights the drug's role in inhibiting or promoting specific biological pathways, contributing to its therapeutic effects.

Toxicity:

Categories:

Patent Blue is categorized under the following therapeutic classes: Amines, Aniline Compounds, Coloring Agents, Compounds used in a research, industrial, or household setting, Diagnostic Agents, Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted, Other Diagnostics. These classifications highlight the drug's diverse therapeutic applications and its importance in treating various conditions.

Experimental Properties:

Further physical and chemical characteristics of Patent Blue include:

• Water Solubility: Soluble
• Melting Point: 200 ºC
• Boiling Point: Decomposes
• logP: -1.82
• pKa: 7.63