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Other antibacterials

The Other Antibacterials subcategory within the pharmaceutical Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) encompasses a diverse range of compounds used to combat bacterial infections. These antibacterials possess unique mechanisms of action, making them valuable tools in the fight against drug-resistant bacteria.

One class of Other Antibacterials is the cyclic lipopeptides, which include compounds such as daptomycin. These lipopeptides disrupt bacterial cell membranes, leading to cell death. They have demonstrated efficacy against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Another group of antibacterials in this subcategory is the nitroimidazoles. Metronidazole is a well-known representative of this class and is effective against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Nitroimidazoles exert their antibacterial activity by damaging DNA and disrupting essential cellular processes.

The polymyxins, such as polymyxin B and colistin, are also part of the Other Antibacterials group. These cyclic polypeptides possess a unique mechanism of action, targeting bacterial cell membranes and causing leakage, ultimately leading to cell death. Polymyxins are particularly effective against Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains like carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE).

Furthermore, some miscellaneous antibacterials fall under this subcategory. For instance, fosfomycin, a phosphonic acid derivative, inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. Fosfomycin has shown efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, including urinary tract infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria.